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TECHNITROL-180
TECHNITROL-180
Technitrol 180
MANUFACTURER
Technitrol Engineering
2751 North 4th Street
Philadelphia 33, Pa.
GENERAL SYSTEM STORAGE Microsec
Application General Purpose Computation Media Words Access
Timing Synchronous Acoustic Quartz 512 384 max
Operation Sequential Magnetic Tapes 100
NUMERICAL SYSTEM Acoustic Quartz delay lines store 24,576 bits.
Internal number system Binary Magnetic tapes are low speed.
Acoustic Quartz has 448 words in 8-word loops an
Binary digits per word 48 and 64 words in one word loops.
Binary digits per instruction 48 Seven tape positions are available.
Instructions per word 1
Total no. of instructions used 40 INPUT
Arithmetic system Fixed-Point Media Speed
Instruction type-Four Address Code Magnetic Tape 5000 Char/sec
Number range +244 to -244 Punched Paper 200 Char/sec(Ferranti
Integral values Photoelectric Reader)
ARITHMETIC UNIT Manual Keyboard on console
Add time (excluding storage access )48 microsec OUTPUT
Multiply time(" " ")3,160 microsec Media Speed
Divide time (" " ")3,160 microsec Anelex Page Printer 400 Char/sec
Construction Diode logic Punch Paper Tapes 200 Char/sec
Number of rapid access word registers 64 Automatic Typewriter(IBM) 8 Char/sec
Basic pulse repetition rate One megacycle/sec Magnetic Tape 5000 Char/sec
Arithmetic Mode Serial
64 one word "scat" storage physically
associated with storage section
NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS COST
Tubes 2,600 Approximate cost of basic system $500,000
Tube types 4 Additional equipment Variable
Crystal diodes 50,000
RELIABILITY AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE
CHECKING FEATURES System is currently completing acceptance tests.
Fixed Marginal Checking
Plug-in by plug-in controlled manually ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS
or automatically from console.
Optional - Programmed Checks. Flexibility achieved by block type of
construction. Instruction code and number
base are flexible. Capacity can be
PHYSICAL FACTORS increased at later dates.
Power consumption, Computer 50 K.W.
Space occupied, Computer 600 cu ft 75 sq ft
Total weight, Computer 14,000 lbs
Power consumption, Air Cond. 20 K.W.
Space occupied, Air Cond. 550 cu.ft. 50 sq ft
Total weight, Air Cond. 4,000 lbs
Capacity, Air Cond. 20 tons
MANUFACTURING RECORD
Number produced 1
Number in current operation 1
Delivery time 12 months
Unit described is a general purpose large
scale digital computer made up of Technitrol
standard computer blocks. Three smaller
scale special purpose units are on order.
TELEREGISTER SPEDDH
TELEREGISTER SPEDDH
Special Purpose Electronic
Digital Data Handling
MANUFACTURER
The Teleregister Corporation
445 Fairfield Avenus
Stamford, Connecticut
GENERAL SYSTEM STORAGE
Application Armed Services; manufacturing and Teleregister MAGNETR0NTC drums are built in
transportation industries varying sizes as required. At present the largest
Timing Synchronous drum designed stores 1,500,000 bits.
Operation Sequential
Teleregister systems are special purpose, designed INPUT
to meet specific requirements of the government agency On-line operation.
or customer concerned.
OUTPUT
NUMERICAL SYSTEM On-line operation.
Internal number system Binary
Arithmetic System Fixed-point NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
Numerical system is variable. Varies
ARITHMETIC UNIT
Add time(excluding storage access) 1.5 microsec
Construction Vacuum-tubes
Number of rapid access word registers 1
Basic pulse repetition rate 20-100 killocycles/sec
Arithmetic Mode Parallel
CHECKING FEATURES PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
Fixed Varies
Duplicate equipment for 24-hour service
applications RELIABILITY AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE
Date first unit passed acceptance test June 1952
PHYSICAL FACTORS Operating ratio 0.998 of scheduled time.
Varies No. of different kinds of plug- in units 45
No. of separate cabinets(excluding power and air
MANUFACTURING RECORD cond.) Varies
Number produced 4 Systems operated by
Number in current operation 4 American Air Lines, New York (Reservisor)
Number on order 3 Toronto Stock Exchange(Bid-Asked Electronic
Delivery time 6-12 months Quotation System)
Griffiss Air Force Base, Rome, New York
COST
Varies
ADDITIONAL REMARKS AND FEATURES
System used for 5 years in maintaining airline
available seat count.
Maintenance and air conditioning influenced by
unenclosed electronic rack construction.
Twenty-four hours/day service
Remote control
TIM-II
TIM-II
The Inventory Machine II
MANUFACTURER
Laboratory for Electronics, Inc.
75 Pitts Street
Boston 14, Massachusetts
GENERAL SYSTEM STORAGE Microsec
Application Commercial, business data processing Media Words Access
Timing Synchronous Magnetic Drum Up to 76,000 150,000
Operation Sequential Magnetic Core 10 7,000
Floating address, variable word length. Drums are available to store up to 240,000
dec dig. The drum rotates at 180 RPM.
NUMERICAL SYSTEM The magnetic core storage stores 120 dec dig
Internal number system Decimal at a 50 kilocycles/sec rate.
Decimal digits per word Variable 1-12
Binary digits per instruction 8 INPUT
Instructions per word 1 Media Speed
Total no. of instructions decoded 25 Paper Tape 10 dec dig/sec
Total no. of instructions used 25 Keyboard Manual
Arithmetic system Fixed-point
Instruction type One-address code OUTPUT
Number range +- (lOll-1) Media
Paper Tape 14 dec dig/sec
ARITHMETIC UNIT Adding Machine Printer 10 dec dig/sec
Add time(excluding storage access) 1500 microsec
Multiply time (" " ")1500 microsec/dd of NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
multiplier Tubes 180 in prototype
Divide time( )1500 microsec Tube types 6
Construction Vacuum-tubes and Magnetic elements. Crystal diodes 1600 diodes
Number of rapid access word registers 3 plus 3 Magnetic elements 560
accessible address registers plus an 18 word More cores and diodes; fewer tubes in
construction register. production unit (II).
Basic pulse repetition rate 50 kilocycles/sec
Arithmetic Mode Serial
Instructions included for sorting, indexing,
and other logical processes, particularly important
in business data handling.
CHECKING FEATURES PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
Detection of unused 4-bit cores. Daily Operation Tech. or Operator
Drum read twice in each digit cell. One 8-hour shift 1
PHYSICAL FACTORS RELIABILITY AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE
Power consumption, Computer 1.5 K.W. Date unit passed test December 1954
Space occupied, Computer 50 cu ft 19 sq ft After two months operating experience,
prototype operated approximately 4 hours
MANUFACTURING RECORD error-free.
Number produced 1 Prototype
Number in current operation 1 ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS
Special features for filing or perpetual
COST inventory problems.
Approximate cost of basic system - Between
$20,000 and $30,000.
UDEC-I
UDEC-I
Unitized Digital
Electronic Computer
MANUFACTURER
Burroughs Corporation
Paoli, Pennsylvania
OPERATING AGENCY
Wayne University
Computation Laboratory
Detroit 1, Michigan
GENERAL SYSTEM STORAGE Microsec
Application Scientific computing Media Words Access
Timing Synchronous Magnetic Drum 5500 8,500 (Avg.)
Operation Sequential 9 digits plus sign in each stored word
NUMERICAL SYSTEM INPUT
Internal number system Decimal Media Speed
Decimal digits per word 9 Keyboard 6 char/sec
Decimal digits per instruction 4 Paper Tape 200 char/sec
Decimal digits per instruction not decoded 4
Instructions per word 2 OUTPUT
Total no. of instructions decoded Indefinite Media Speed
Total no. of instructions used 25 Printer 6 char/sec
Arithmetic system Fixed-point Paper Tape 60 char/sec
Instruction type Two-address code and One-address
code NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
Number range Manually variable decinal setting Tubes 5,000
Two address operation is optional for optimum Tube types 10
programming Crystal diodes 5,000
Magnetic elements 192
ARITHMETIC UNIT 2000 of the diodes are used as logical
Add time(excluding storage access) 640 microsec elements.
Multiply time( " " ") 4000 microsec
Divide time( " " ") 5600 microsec
Construction Vacuum-tubes
Number of rapid access word registers 2
Basic pulse repetition rate 125 kilocycles/sec
Aritbmetic Mode Serial
CHECKING FEATURES PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
Fixed. Modulo 3 check digit on all transfers. Daily Operation No. of Eng. No. of Tech.
Modulo 3 aritmetic check One 8-hour shift 1 2
Forbidden combination-multiply or divide check. Two 8-hour shifts 2 3
Three 8-hour shifts 3 4
PHYSICAL FACTORS
Power consumption, Computer, 30 K.W. RELIABILITY AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE
Space occupied, Computer 20 ft x 40 ft Room Date unit passed acceptance test December 1955
Power consumption, Air Conxl. 2 K.W. Average error free running period 6 hours
Operating ratio 0.85 Good time 5
MANUFACTURING RECORD Attempted to run 6
Number produced 1 No. of different kinds of plug-in units 6
No. of separate cabinets (excluding power and
COST air cond.) 28 Racks.
Approxinate cost of basic system $250,000
System available at $75/hr
ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS
UDEC will be modified to include serial-parallel
operation, a magnetic core storage of 1500 words,
a B-box, and magnetic tape. Storage access will be
88 microsec, the same as the basic add time. UDEC II,
installed and operated by the Burroughs Corporation
in Philadelphia is similar in construction and
logical design to UDEC I.
UDEC-II
UDEC-II
Unitized Digital
Electronic Computer
MANUFACTURER
Burroughs Corporation
Paoli, Pennsylvania
OPERATING AGENCY
Electronic-Instruments Division
1209 Vine Street
Philadelphia, Penna.
GENERAL SYSTEM STORAGE Microsec
Application Scientific and business application Media Words Access
Timing Synchronous Magnetic Drum 5500 8500 (Avg.)
Operation Sequential 55,000 decimal digits total storage.
NUMERICAL SYSTEM INPUT
Internal number system Excess-three binary coded Media Speed
decimal plus sign. Paper Tape (2 photoreaders) 120 char/sec
Decimal digits per word 9 Paper Tape (2 teletype) 6 char/sec
Decimal digits per instruction 5
Instructions per word 2 OUTPUT
Total no. of instructions decoded 40 Media Speed
Total no. of instructions used 52 Paper Tape (4 teletypes) 6 char/sec
Arithmetic system Fixed-Point Any one of 4 may be chosen by programing.
Instruction type One-address code Teletype Hi-speed Punch will be installed
Number range Movable decimal point 60 char/sec.
Two-address word possible if second instruction
in each word is unconditional transfer. NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
Tubes 5,000
ARITHMETIC UNIT Machine consists of Burroughs Pulse Control
Add time(excluding storage access) 680 microsec Equipment, approximately 600 units in all.
Multiply time(" " ") 50,000 microsec
Divide time(" " ") 50,000 microsec
Construction Vacuum-tubes
Basic pulse repetition rate 125 kilocycles/sec
Arithmetic Mode Serial-parallel
CHECKING FEATURES PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS No. of Tech
Fixed Transfer check modulo 3 Daily Operation No. of Eng. or Operators
Overflow, halt, and multiplication-division alarms. One 8-hour shift 1 5
Two 8-hour shifts 2 4
PHYSICAL FACTORS
Power consumption, Computer 55 K.W. RELIABILITY AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE
Space occupied, Computer 51 racks Date first unit passed acceptance test Oct. 55
Capacity, Air Cond. 15 tons Average error free running period 6 hours
Operating ratio 0.85
MANUFACTURING RECORD No. of separate cabinets(excluding power and
Number produced 2 air cond.) 51
Number in current operation 2
Delivery time 6 months ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS
UDEC I located at Wayne Univ., Detroit, Michigan B-box
UDEC II located at Burroughs Corporation, Phila, Pa, Overflow transfer instruction
Provision for additional equipment and modificatior
COST of logic.
Approximate price of basic system $200,000
Additional equipment $100,000.
UNIVAC
UNIVAC
Universal Automatic Computer
MANUFACTURER
Remington Rand Division
Sperry Rand Corporation
515 Fourth Avenue
New york 10, N.Y.
OPERATING AGENCIES
The following agencies
supplied survey information:
Armr Map Service
Washington 25, D.C.
AEC Computing Facility
New York Univ.,N.Y.
Radiation Laboratory
Univ. of California
Livermore, California
Department of the Air Force
HQUSAF Washington 25, D.C.
Attn: DOS Comptroller
EQ Air Material Comoand
Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio
Pictures were furnished by
the USAF and the Univ. of
California, RL.
GENERAL SYSTEM ARITHMETIC UNIT
Application General Purpose, Mapping, Geodesy, Add time(excluding storage access) 120 microsec
Research and services in mathematical sciences, Multiply time(" " ") 1800 microsec
AEC reactor design problems. Weapons development. Divide time (" " ") 5600 microsec
Air `Force Progranning Computations. Construction Vacuum-tubes
Logistical business-type problem solution Number of rapid access word registers 4
Timing Synchronous Basic pulse repetition rate 2.25 megacycles/sec
Operation Sequential Multiply and divide times depend upon numerical
value of multiplier, dividend, and divisor respect-
NUMERICAL SYSTEM ively.
Internal number system Decimal All quantities processed by the computer are in
Decimal digits per word 11 plus sign 12 alphanumeric units of 11 digits plus a sign. Time includes
Decimal digits per instruction 6 simultaneous computation in duplicate circuits
Decimal digits per instruction not decoded 1 and comparison of results for identity.
Instructions per word 2
Total no. of instructions decoded 65 STORAGE Microsec
Total no. of instructions used 45 Media Words Digits Access
Arithmetic system Fixed point Acoustic Delay Line-Hg 1000 12,000 400 max
Instruction type One address code Magnetic Tape 120,000 1,440,000
Number range -l to +1 1,5OO foot magnetic tapes are used.
Floating point performed by subroutines supplied
with computer.
Words may be made up of alphabetic, numeric and
typewriter characters.
JAMS and IJSAF report 64 and 46 instructions decoded
and 40 and 46 instructions used, respectively.
INPUT OUTPUT
Media/Speed Media/Speed
Magnetic Tape 12,800 char/sec. read-in speed Magnetic Tape 12,800 char sec with speed
100 inches/second 100 inches/ sec
Metallic tape l/2" wide in lengths of 100, 200, Recorded at 128 char inch
500 or 1500 feet, recorded at densities of 20, 50, Output Equipment using Magnetic tape input:
120 or l28 char, inch. Uniprinter 10-11 char/sec
Input Media are prepared by: Converts recording on magnetic tape to desired
Unityper I Keypunching printed format.
Records at 20 char/inch. Loop controlled. When High Speed Printer 600 lines/mins. adjustable to
used with Printing Unit produces printed copy. 200 and 400 if desired
Unityper II Keypunching 120 char/line: 130 char/line maximum with repeti-
Reccords at 20 char/inch. Printed copy produced tion of characters.
simultaneously. Punched Card Printer Delivery - October 1956
Card-to-Tape-Converter 240 cards/mm. instantaneous Will print on both sides of a card and will
conversion punch the card.
80 column punched card input 120 char/inch. Tape-To-Card Converter 12O - cards/min.
90 Column Card-to-Tape-Converter 240 cards min. Converts magnetic tape recording to 80
90 column punched card input 120 char/inch. column punched cards. Detachable plugboard
Tape Operated Unityper IT (prototype) 6-10 char/sec. provides for field rearrangement.
Converts 5 channel punched paper tape to 7 channel Tape to 90 column Card Converter - Delivery 8 months
(plus sprocket channel) magnetic tape recording. Converts to 90 column punched cards: otherwise
Punched Paper Tape to Magnetic Tape Converter similar to Tape-To-Card Converter
200 char/sec. Rad Lab - Buffer storage Hg 3500 microsec/60 words.
High Speed Conversion. UASG-AMC- Typewriter not used for normal input-output.
input-outrm
Magnetic Tape Recording of Unityper II verified by:
Verifier Keypunching
Verifies original recording; provides for correcting
mistakes on original recording; produces printed
copy simultaneously with the other two functions.
Magnetic tape recording of Card-to-Tape Converters
verified internally.
NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS The first UNIVAC System was placed in operation
Tubes 5,400 for the United States Bureau of Census in March, 1951.
Tube types 15 Since then fourteen other UNIVAC Systems have been
Crystal diodes 18,000 installed. Listed below are the users and future
AMS reports 7 main types of tubes im Central computer. users of the System.
USAF-HQ 12 main types of tubes.
CHECKING FEATURES Department of the Air Force, Office of the
Fixed Parity check throughout system, character Air Comptroller, Washington, D.C.
count of each block on input and output, parallel Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers
computing, automaAc reread. Army Map Service, Washington, D.C.
Atomic Energy Commission
PHYSICAL FACTORS New York University, New York
7over consumption, Computer 124.5 KVA Atomic Energy Commission, Radiation Laboratory
Space occupied, Computer 1000 sq ft University of California, Livermore, California
Total weight, Computer 29,853 lbs Department of the Navy, Bureau of Ships
Capacity, Air Cond. 35 tons Washington, D.C.
Figures quoted are for the central computer with Remington Rand Inc. UNIVAC Service Bureau
power supply, supervisory control desk, and 10 New York, New York
Uniservos I. User provides air conditioning unit of General Electric Company, Major Appliance Division
own choice. Room air conditioning not included. Louisville, Kentucky
HQ-USAF-DCS reports air conditioner requires 35 K.W. Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. New York, N.Y.
at 28,000 ft3 of air/min. Air Materiel Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base,
Dayton, Ohio
MANUFACTURING RECORD United States Steel Corp. National Tube Division
Number produced 22 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Number in current operation 22 E.I. duPont de Nemours Co. Wilmington, Delaware
Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce, Wash. D.C.
United States Steel Corp, Gary Works Gary, Indiana
Franklin Life Insurance Co. Springfield, Illinois
Westioghous Electric Corn. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Pacific Mutual Life Insurance Co. Los Angeles, Cal.
Sylvania Electrical Products Inc. New York, N.Y.
Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Co. Cleveland, Ohio
Consolidated Edison Co. of N.Y., inc. Commercial
Relations Department, New York, N.Y. (two)
COST PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
The approximate price for the basic system, Daily Operation Engr Tech. Oper.
including the Central Computer with Power Supply, Sperry Rand reports:
Supervisory Control Desk and 10 UNISERVOS I is One 8-hour shift 1 3 2
$950,000. Two 8-hour shifts 1 4 4
There is a wide choice of auxiliary and peripheral Three 8-hour shifts 2 5 6
equipment from $4500 for a UMTYPER II to $185,000 AEC-NYU Reports:
for a High Speed Printer. Three 8-hour shifts 7 15 (incl oper)
The rental rate for the basic system described The size of engineering staff is not based on
above is $16,200 per month for a 1 shift, 5 day, the minimal requirements of operation; rather it
40-hour week, must provide sufficient reserve to maintain
The rental rate for additional equipment varies operations if one or two people leave and their
from $90 per month for a UNITYPER II to $5,500 replacements have to go through a six-month
per month for a High Speed Printer for a 1 shift, 5 training.
day 40-hour week. HQ-USAF- DOS Reports:
Monthly rentals increase with each additional The machine is operated for three 8-hour shifts
40-hour shift in a 5 day week and include installation and 7 Engineers are required. All personnel
maintenance, service and parts. Monthly rentals and servicing the computer are of graduate engineer
prices, quoted are f.o.b. factory, and do not include caliber. Technicians or operators are used.
taxes or site preparation and are sub.ject to change. Rad Lab. Reports:
Rad Lab quotes the following prices paid for The machine is operated for three 8-hour shifts
equipment: and 7 days per week. Six engineers and 8 tech-
High Speed Printer (78,000 char/sec) $150,000 operators are required.
Plotter (1 pt/sec) 22,000
UNIPRINRERS (2) 56,000
UNITYPER (1) 18,000
UNISERVOS (10) 180,000
AEC quotes approximate price paid was $1,000,000
for basic system.
RELIABILITY AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS
Date unit first passed accentance test March 1951 Speery Rand Reports:
No. of different kinds of plug-in units 250 Major Automatic Programs
No. of separate cabinets(excluding power and air A-2 Compiler
cond.) 2 BIOR-Business In-Out Rerun Compiler
Sperry Rand: General Purpose Compiler
Good time 90% Attenpted to run 40-144 hours Data Processing Compiler (B0)
AEC-NYD: Generalñzed systems of computation such as
Good time 150 hours attenpted to run 156 hours. Matrix Math Routines, Linear Programing, Statistical
HQ-USAF-DCS: Analysis. Complete built-in buffering of input-output.
Unit passed acceptance test in Jan 1952. Based Wide range of auxiliary and peripheral equipment
on 100%, the following fIgures apply: Production in customer use.
time 67%, Preventive Servicing 17% and Down Time 10%. Maintenance service available under separate
Rad Lab. maintenance contract to purchasers of UNIVAC equipment.
Unit passed acceptance test on 10 April 1953. Complete courses available for training customer
The average error free running period has been 8.7 hrs. personnel in programing, operating and maintenance.
Good time 1802 hours. Attempted to Run Time 1953 hrs. Rad Lab Reports:
or 92.5%. Good tine = Total time - Engineering Alpha numeric decial system, complete arithmetic-
Maintenance - Machine Down time, checking, multiword registers, 10 UNISERVOS, and
AMS automatic reread on tape units are in use.
Unit passed acceptance test on 32 April 1952. AMS reports:
Good Time 11,618 Hours. Attempted to Run 14,509 his. The machine has the ability to handle alphabetics,
from 1 Jan 55 to 1 Feb 55. Operations are based on and is completely self-checking. Success has been
an error free running period of about 45 mInutes. achieved in reading from or writing on magnetic tapes
Reading and writing on magnetic tapes is the during operations.
principle source of error.
UNIVAC-II
UNIVAC-II
Universal Automatic
Computer II
MANUFACTURER
Remington Rand Division
of Sperry Rand Corporation
515 Fourth Avenue
New YorklO, N.Y.
GENERAL SYSTEM STORAGE Microsec
Application General Purpose Media Words Access
Timing Synchronous Magnetic Core 2,000-10,000 40/word
Operation Sequential Magnetic core storage totals 12,000 to 120,000
dec digits.
NUMERICAL SYSTEM Input-Output magnetic tapes can be used as
Internal number system Decimal additional storage. 2,880,000 digits per 1535
Decimal digits per word ll plus sign; foot reel.
12 alphanumeric
Decimal digits per instruction 6 INPUT
Instructions per word 2 Media Speed
Total no. of instructions decoded 65 Magnetic Tape 20,000 char/sec
Total no. of instructions used 45 Metallic tape 1535 ft long.
Arithmetic system Fixed-point See UNIVAC I description equipment preparing
Instruction type One-address code magnetic recording.
Number range -l to + 1 UNISERVO II is used for reading magnetic tape
Floating decimal performed by subroutines to UNIVAC II.
supplied with the computer.
OUTPUT
ARITHMETIC UNIT Media Speed
Add time(excluding storage access) 120 usec Magnetic Tape 20,000 char/sec
Multiply time(" " ") 1800 microsec UNISERVO II is used for recording from UNIVAC II.
Divide time (" " ") 5600 microsec See UNIVAC I description for output equipment using
Construction Vacuum-tubes magnetic tape input.
Basic pulse repetition rate 2.25 megacycles Recording density of 200 char/inch
Arithmetlc Mode Serial
Multiply and divide time includes simultaneous NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
computation in duplicate circuits, comparison of Tubes 4,400
resultsfor identity and is dependent upon the Tube types 15
numerical value of multiplier. Crystal diodes 18,000
Magnetic elements 200,000 to 1,000,000
Transistors 500
CHECKING FEATURES COST
Parity check. The approximate cost of the basic system,
Character coumt of each block on input and which includes the Central Computer Group and
output. Computing 10 UNISERVOS II is $1,025,000. The monthly
Parallel Computing rental rate for basic system for 1 shift, 5
Automatic re-read day, 40-hour week is $22,500.
See UNIVAC I for price and rental rates of
PHYSICAL FACTORS
Power consumption, Computer 100 K.V.A. additional equipment.
Monthly rentals increase with each additional
Space occupied, Computer 1,000 sq ft 40-hour shift in a 5 day week and include
Total weight, Computer 25,000 lbs. installation, maintenance service and parts.
Capacity, Air Cond. 28 tons Monthly rentals and prices quoted are f.o.b.
The above figures are for the central computer factory. They do not include taxes or site
with power supply, supervisory control desk and preparation and are subject to change without
10 UNISERVOS II. User provides air conditioning notice.
unit of own choice. Room air conditioner not
included in 28 tons above. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
Daily operation Engr Tech. Oper.
MANUFACTURING RECORD One 8-hour shift 1 5 2
Number produced Modification of UNIVAC Two 8-hour shifts 1 4 4
Number in current operation See UNIVAC I Three 8-hour shifts 2 5 6
Delivery time 18 months These requirements may increase with
All UNIVACS I subject to modification to II. additional peripheral equipment.
RELIABILITY AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE
See data on UNIVAC I
ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS
See UNIVAC I
All UNIVAC I programs applicable on UNIVAC II.
Complete compatability with UNIVAC I.
UNIVAC-SCI (ERA-1101)
UNIVAC-SCI
(ERA-1101)
Engineering Research
Associates 1101
MANUFACTURER
ERA Division
Sperry-Rand Corporation
5150 Fourth Avenue
New York 10, N.Y.
OPERATING AGENCY
Rich Electronic Computer Center
Engineering Experimental Station
Georgia Institute of Technology
GENERAL SYSTEM STORAGE Microsec
Application Educational, Industrial Commercial, and Media Words Access
Governmental. Magnetic Drum 16,584 17,000 max.
All data herein supplied by Georgia Tech. 32 min.
Timing Asynchronous
Operation Sequential INPUT
Computer system picture supplied by Georgia Tech. Media Speed
Drum picture supplied Sperry Rand Corp. E.R.A. Div. Photoelectric Tape Reader 55 words/sec
140 frames/sec
NUMERICAL SYSTEM 70 ft/min
Internal number system Binary
Binary digits per word 24 OUTPUT
Binary digits per instruction 24 Media Speed
Instructions per word 1 Teletype Paper Tape 60 char/sec
Total no. of instructions decoded 48 Flexowriter 10 char/sec
Total no. of instructions used 43
Arithmetic system Fixed NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
Instruction type One-address code Tubes 2,695
Number range l-223 to 223-l Tube types 18
Negative numbers used are in the ones complement Crystal diodes 2,585
arithmetic. +5 = 00000005 and -5 = 77777772 octal.
CHECKING FEATURES
ARITHMETIC UNIT Fixed Improper command stops the machine.
Add time(excluding storage access) 5 microsec
Multiply time(" " ") 260 microsec
Divide time (" " ") 524 microsec
Construction Vacuum-tubes
Basic pulse repetition rate 400 kilocycles/sec
Arithmetic mode Parallel
PHYSICAL FACTORS Function Evaluation Subroutines
Power consumption, Computer 15 K.W. u = Log2y
Space occupied, Computer 2880 cu ft 560 sq ft u = Logey
Total weight 16,000 lbs. u = Log10y
Type air conditioner Gas u = 2y
Space occupied, Air cond. 1024 cu ft 128 sq ft u = sin y
Capacity 5 tons u = Arcsin y
u = Arctan y
PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS u = Sqrt (y)
Daily Operation Engr Tech or Oper
One 8-hour shift 2 2
RELIABILITY AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE
No. of different kinds of plug-in units 52
No. of separate cabinets(excluding power and Floating Point Subroutines
air cond.) 5 Floating Pt Add
Floating Pt Multiply
ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Floating Pt Divide
Large library of subroutines, including the Scale Factor
following Input-Output Subroutines.
Fixed Point Decimal Input Utility Routines
Fixed Point Decimal Output
Floating Point Input Storage Dump
Floating Point Output Check Point
Translating Routine
Clear Storage
Print-Code to Bi-Octal Conversion.
UNIVAC-SCI (ERA-1102)
UNIVAC-SCI
(ERA-1102)
Univac Scientific
Engineering Research
Associates ll02
MANUFACTURER
Engineering Research Associates
Division of Remington Rand
OPERATING AGENCY
ARO, Inc. Operating Contractor
Arnold Engineering Development Center
ARDC-USAF-Tullahoma, Tenn.
GENERAL SYSTEM STORAGE Microsec
Activity of organization Engineering Development Media Words Access
Application Data reduction in Wind Tunnel and Magnetic Drum 8,192 8500 max
Engine Test Facilities. Drum storage totals 196,608 digits.
Timing Synchronous
Operation Sequential - Sequential Input- INPUT
Computers will be used on-line during wind-tunnel Media Speed
tests Tape Reader 200 lines/sec
Raw Data Scanner Scans 250 channels in ll sec
NUMERICAL SYSTEM The raw data scanner is connected to transducers
Internal number system Binary measuring test data.
Binary digits per word 24
Binary digits per instruction 24 OUTPUT
Octal digits per instruction not decoded 8 Media Speed
Instructions per word 1 Automatic typewriter 10 char/sec
Total no. of instructions decoded Depends upon Automatic plotter
program
Total no. of instructions used 2 NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
Arithmetic system Left Circular Shift Tubes 2700
Instruction type One-address Code Crystal diodes 5000
Number range Accumulator holds 48 binary digits. Magnetic elements 700 relays
ARITHMETIC UNIT
Add time(excluding storage access) 17 microsec max
Multiply time(excluding storage access)264 " "
Divide time(excluding storage access)540 " "
Construction Vacuum-tubes
Number of rapid access word registers 1
Basic pulse repetition rate 500 kilocycles/sec
Arithmetic mode Parallel
CHECKING FEATURES PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
Fixed Accumulator overflow indicator, "Oversize Daily operation No. of Eng No. of tech.
quotient" check, improper operation code check, One 8 hour shift 5 2
address check on tape loading. Above totals are for one computer.
PHYSICAL FACTORS RELIABILITY AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE
Power consumption, Computer 22 K.W. Date first unit passed acceptance test -
Space occupied, Computer 772 cu ft 122 sq ft Acceptance tests currently being run
Total weight, Computer 14,000 lbs Operating ratio 0.85
Power consumption, Air cond. 9 K.W. No. of different kinds of plug-in units 47
Space occupied, Air cond. 80 cu ft 12 sq ft No. of separate cabinets (excluding power and
Total weight, Air cond. 5000 lbs air cond.) 3
Capacity, Air Cond. 25 tons
ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS
MANUFACTURING RECORD All three computing systems are at USAF - Air
Number produced 5 Research Development Command, Tullahoma, Tenn.,
Number in current operation 3 and will be used for on-line data reduction in
Delivery time 31 months engine test and wind tunnel facilities.
COST
Three computing systems were developed and
manufactured under CPFF Contract. Total cost
is about 1.4 million dollars.
UNIVAC-SCI (ERA-1103) (ERA-1103A)
UNIVAC-SCI
(ERA-1103)
(ERA-1103A)
Universal Automatic Computer
Scientific Engineering
Research Associates 1105-ilOSA
MANUFACTURER
Engineering Research Associates
Division of Sperry-Rand
515 Fourth Avenue
New York 10, N.Y.
OPERATING AGENCY
White Sands Proving Ground
New Mexico
GENERAL SYSTEM STORAGE Microsec
Application Scientific (On-Line and Off-Line) Media Words Access
Timing Synchronous Magnetic Core 4096, 8192 8
Operation Sequential or 12,288
Pictures furnished by WSPG. Magnetic Drum 16,584 17,000 (Avg.)
Magnetic Tape 400,000/Reel
NUMERICAL SYSTEM Above is for 36-bit words. From 1 to 10 tape
Internal number system Binary units may be used. Read-write time on tapes 2100
Binary digits per word 56 words/sec. Core storage can be furnished in 1, 2
Octal digits per instruction 2 or 5 banks of 4,096 words each, all core, drum,
Binary digits per instruction not decoded 6 accumulator and Q-registers are directly addressable.
Instructions per word 1 WSPG Computer has l024, 36 binary digit words of
Total no. of instructions decoded 48 electrostatic storage, as originally furnished by ERA.
Total no. of instructions used 46
Arithmetic system Fixed-point INPUT
Number range +235-1 to -235 - 1 Media Speed
A 36-bit word consists of a 6 bit (2 octal Magnetic Tape 2100 words/sec
digit) code, a 15 bit "W-address" and a 15 bit Paper Tape 200 frames/sec
"V-address". In some commands the 50 address Card 120 cards/min
bits have other special meanings. 6 frames 1 word
80 or 90 column cards are available.
ARITHMETIC UNIT In-Out registers (10A, lOB) allow wide option in
Add time(excluAiing storage access) 42 microsec choice of media. Program interrupt command makes
Multiply time( " " " ) 410 max to 128 min efficient use of time between introduction of data
Divide time ( " " " ) 492 max to 480 min words.
Construction Vacuum-tubes
Basic pulse repetition rate 500 kilocycles/sec OUTPUT
Arithmetic mode Parallel Media Speed
Any arithmetic command may be repeated through Magnetic Tape 2100 words/sec
use of "Repeat" command. Times shown are for first Paper Tape 60 frames/sec
operation. Repeated operations require less time. Card 120 cards/min
"Maximum" times shown for multiply and divide time Cathode ray display mechanical plotter, and 150
are according to number size. line/min printer also available. Tape driven 600
line printer, card-tape and tape-card, Tapetyper and
Verifier available.
NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS MANUFACTURING RECORD
Tubes 4200 Number produced 10
Tube types 58 Number in current operation 10
Crystal diodes 9500 Delivery tine 12 months
CHECKING FEATURES COST
Fixed Tape units use parity check. Approximate price of basic system $895,000
Complete set of autodiagostic check routines Additiocal equipment Average $125,000
developed. Rental rates of basic system $21,000 per month/
WSPG computer has multiply overflow, divide 40 hour shift
fault, missing instruction, and illegal address. Rental rates for additional equipment
$1,800 per nonth/4O hour shift
PHYSICAL FACTORS All rentals increase 50% for each additional
Power consumption, Computer 45 K.W. 40 hour shift and include maintenance service
Space occupied, Computer 56 ft by ll ft and parts.
Total weight, Computer 30,885 lbs
Air Cond. Internal Unit
which requires 18 gal/min of 50 F water.
All above figures include requirements of
air conditioner which is supplied as part of the
equipment.
PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS
Daily Operation Engr Tech or Oper Manuals on automatic coding published.
One 8-hour shift 1 2 Library of routine.
Two 8-hour shifts 1 4 Programming courses conducted regularly.
Three 8-hour shifts 2 6 Constructed to JAN Specifications.
Above figures are for average installation. May be used in both real time and off-line
If many Printers, Converters, etc.are used, applications without modification. Use of Rem-Rand
these figures will increase, metal tape makes this machine compatible with
WSPG utilizes 2 Engineers and 2 Technicians UNIVAC and other Rem-Rand Computers. Optional use
for maintenance only. Approximately 25 of plastic tape units and 80 column card equipment
mathematicians and programmers are working on makes this machine usable with other manufacturers
problem preparation. equipment.
WSPG Computer will have, built-in floating-point
RELIABILITY AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE circuitry. The system has two input-output
Date first unit passed acceptance test Aug 1955 registers of 8 and 36 bit capacity respectively, for
Average error free running period 26 hours on use with external equipment, with all the required
acceptance test circuits and commands.
No. of different kinds of plug-in units 26 The UNI SCI Systems differ as follows:
No. of separate cabinets(excluling power and air
cond.) 6 Model 1103 1103A
Other Operators include: Storage 1024 CRT or MC 4096 MC
Eglin Air Force Base Mag Tape Raytheon or Potter Uniservos
Operations Research Office Program Interrupt No Yes
Ramo-Wooldridge Left Transit Instruc. No Yes
Convair Aircraft Corporation WSPG Computer
accerted in August 1954.
WEDILOG
WEDILOG
Digital-Analog
Differential Analycer
MANUFACTURER
Wang Laboratories
Cambridge 41, Mnssachusetts
GENERAL SYSTEM STORAGE Microsec
Application Solution of differential equations; Media Words Access
simulation; system analysis Magnetic Shift Register 18 digits/unit 1000
Timing Synchronous and Asynchronous These are unitized computation units and as many
Operation Concurrent as are needed may be added to the basic computer.
NUMERICAL SYSTEM INPUT
Internal number system Decimal Computer is patched in a manner similar to the
Decimal digits per word 5 D.C. Analog
Arithmetic System Fixed-point
Number range Minus 1.00000 to plus 1.00000 OUTPUT
Output may be typewriter, IBM equipment, plotting
ARITHMETIC UNIT board, recorder.
Add time(excluding storage access )l000 nicrosec
Multiply time( ` " ") 1000 microsec NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
Divide time( " " ") 1000 microsec Tubes 600 in basic computer
Construction Vacuum-tubes; condenser-diodes; Tube types 5
Magnetics Crystal diodes 200 in basic computer
Basic pulse repetition rate 1 kilocycle/sec Magnetic elements 550 in basic computer
Arithmetic Mode Parallel
CHECKING FEATURES COST
Fixed Approximate cost of basic system $20,000 for Model
Alarm system and automatic stop of computation DLS-65
indicating overflow of any integrator. Additional equipment From $100 to $1,000 per
computation unit.
PHYSICAL FACTORS
Power consumption, Computer 2.5 K.W. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
Total weight 400 lbs Individual desiring solution of his problem.
Basic computer occupies three standard relay
racks each with 65 inches of rack space. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS
The Wedilog Computer is a digital differential
MANUFACTURING RECORD analyzer. It is patched in a manner similar to a
Number produced 1 D.C. Analog computer. Wedilog deals with numbers
Number in current operation 1 and increments. All information in the machine
Delivery time 5-6 months is in the form of pulses and gates. Basic computer
First unit has been built as a demonstration may be expanded by addition of unitized computation
model. units.
WHIRLWIND-I
WHIRLWIND-I
MIT Digital Computer
MANUFACTURER
Digital Computer Laboratory, MIT
Cambridge 51, Mass.
OPERATING AGENCY
Project Whirlwind
GENERAL SYSTEM STORAGE Microsec
Activity of Organization WWI is sponsored by ONR Media Words Access
Application Scientific and engineering computation; Magnetic Core 2048 8 (Avg.)
education and research at MIT. Magnetic Drums (2) 56,846 8500 (Avg.)
Timing Synchronous Magnetic Tapes (5) 125,000
Operation Sequential 16 digits/stored word; 0.0046 inches/word
Most In-Out operations can be performed concurrently on magnetic tape.
with non-In-Out operations.
INPUT
NUMERICAL SYSTEM Media Speed
Internal number system Binary Paper Tape(Ferranti Photoelectric Tape Reader)
Binary digits per word 16 200 lines/sec
Binary digits per operation 5 Paper Tape (Mechanical) 14 lines/sec
Instructions per word 1 Magnetic Tape 50 inches/sec
Total no. of instructions decoded 52
Total no. of instructions used 29 OUTPUT
Arithmetic system Fixed-point Media Speed
Instruction type One-Address Code Magnetic Tape 188 char/sec
Number range x=0 or 1x2-15> <= |x| < 1 Oscilloscope-Camera 200 char/sec
Direct Flexowriter 10 char/sec
ARITHMETIC UNIT Magnetic tape is normally used for delayed
Add time(excluding storage access) 8 microsec Flexowriter output.
Multiply time( " " ") 25.5 microsec
Divide time ( " " ") 57 microsec NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
Construction Vacuum-tubes Tubes 7200 Envelopes 9000 cathodes
Basic pulse repetition rate 1 megacycle/sec Tube types 40 of which 16 are used in power supply
Arithmetic Mode Parallel Crystal diodes 15,000
Multiplication is performed at 2 megacycles/sec Magnetic elements 54,816 storage cores
CHECKING FEATURES PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
Fixed Arithmetic element checks. Daily operation No. of Eng. No. of Tech.
Parity check of core and drum storage. One 8-hour shift 2 4
Information transfer check. Two 8-hour shifts 2 6
Three 8-hour shifts 2 8
PHYSICAL FACTORS
Power consumption, Computer 105 K.W. RELIABILITY AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE
Space occupied, Computer 4400 cu ft 625 sq ft Date unit passed acceptance test 1950
Total weight, Computer 10 tons Average error free running period 15 hours
Power consumption, Air cond. 150 KVA Operating ratio 0.97 Good time 2582.5 Hours
Space occupied, Air. cond. 4200 cu ft 525 sq. ft. Attempted to run 2675 hours
Capacity, Air Cond. 120 tons No. of different kinds of plug-in units 17
Additional D.C. power is furnished by tubes. No. of separate cabinets (excluding power and
air cond.) 92 racks and 2 ERA Drums.
MANUFACTURING RECORD Above figures are for a 20 week period.
Number produced 1 A considerable portion of equipment is not
Number in current operation 1 packaged into plug-in units.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS
The basic WWI operation code has been
supplemented by a comprehensive system of service
routines, providing for direct read-in of Flexo-
writer-coded perforated paper tapes, the logging of
each problem on film and paper tape for subsequent
processing, assembly during read-in of a suitable
set of instructions including interpretive pro-
grammed-arithmetic (optional floating point), up to
several hundred cycle counters (B-boxes), output
routines, error detection, and automatic post mortem.
Routines are normally coded with mnemonic operations,
symbolic addresses, relative addresses, program preset
parameters, special psuedo-codes, and special control
words.
The service routines are stored on magnetic tape
and are selected automatically during read-in.
WHITESAC
WHITESAC
CRC 106
MANUFACTURER
Computer Research. Corporation
National Cash Register
Dayton 9, Ohio
OPERATING AGENCY
White Sands Proving Ground
New Mexico
GENERAL SYSTEM STORAGE Microsec
Application Data reduction Media Words Access
Timing Synchronous Magnetic Drum (Fast) 1000 2,500
Operation Sequential Magnetic Drum (Slow) 10,000 25,000
NUMERICAL SYSTEM INPUT
Internal number system Decimal Media Speed
Decimal digits per word 11 Punched Card (IBM) 100/min
Decimal digits per instruction 2 Keyboard (Flexowriter) Manual
Instructions per word 1
Total no. of instructions decoded 20 OUTPUT
Total no. of instructions used 20 Media Speed
Arithmetic system Fixed-point Punched Card (IBM) 100/min
Instruction type Two-address code Typewriter (Flexowriter) 10 dig/sec
Numberrange -l< x <= l
Excess three coding is used. General store. NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
Tubes Approximately 900
ARITHMETIC UNIT Crystal diodes Approximately 5,500
Add time 15000 microsec avg.
Multiply time 40000 microsec avg.
Divide time 40000 microsec avg.
Construction Vacuum-tubes (Flip-flop and
diode gating)
Basic pulse repetition rate 100 kilocycles/sec
Arithmetic mode Serial
CHECKING FEATURES PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
Fixed Unallowable instruction (command) digits Daily Operation Engr. Oper or Tech.
halts machine. One 8-hour shift 1 1
PHYSICAL FACTOR RELIABILITY AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE
Power consumption, Computer 12 K.W. Date unit passed acceptance test 1 March 1955
Space occupied, Computer 700 sq ft No. of separate cabinets(excluding power and
Capacity, Air Cond. 5 tons air cond.) 2
Air Conditioner is integral part of system.
Wastewater cooled. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS
Operations that may be performed inclule:
MANUFACTURING RECORD Add Equivalence compare
Number produced 1 Subtract Transfer to storage
Number in current operation 1 Multiply Transfer to aux storage
Rounded divide Punch IBM
Absolute value Read IBM
Shift Typewriter print
Extract Halt
Algebraic Compare
WISC
WISC
Wisconsin Integrally
Synchronized Computer
MANUFACTURER
University of Wisconsin
College of Engineering
Madison 6, Wisconsin
OPERATING AGENCY
College of Engineering
University of Wisconsin
GENERAL SYSTEM ARITHMETIC UNIT
Application General Purpose, scientific Add time(including storage access) 16.7 millisec
Timing Synchronous Multiply time(" " ") 16.7 millisec
Operation Sequential Divide time ( " " ") 16.7 millisec
Construction Vacuum-tubes
NUMERICAL SYSTEM Number of rapid access word registers 7
Internal number system Binary Basic pulse repetition rate 100 kilocycles/sec
Binary digits per word 50 Arithmetic mode Serial
Binary digits per instruction 50 Operations on four instructions simultaneously
Instructions per word 1 (integral synchronization) makes efficient use of
Total no. of instructions used 16 storage access time. Floating point makes efficient
Arithmetic system Floating-point use of otherwise long addition time.
Instruction type Three-plus-one-address code.
Number range 40 binary digits times 2 + 255 STORAGE Microsec
Digits in instructions corresponding to sign Media Words Access
of significant digits in numbers is not used Magnetic Drum (ERA) 1024 16,700
in any instruction. Extract instruction is Magnetic Drum 4 550
only instruction which makes use of digits Magnetic Drum 5 440
corresponding to exponent in numerical data. 50 binary digits/stored word
INPUT PHYSICAL FACTORS
Media Speed Power consumption, Computer 10 K.W.
Paper Tape (Flexowriter) 10 char/sec (Sexadec) Space occupied, Computer 160 cu ft 52 sq ft
Photoelectric Tape Reader is planned.
MANUFACTURING RECORD
OUTPUT Number produced 1
Media Speed Number in current operation 1
Paper Tape (Flexowriter) 10 char/sec
Typewriter (Flexowriter) 10 char/sec ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS
Monitor Oscilloscope Visual display of Extract instruction and floating point controls
manually selected word. Remote control.
Machine is financed by Wisconsin Alumni Research
NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS Foundation and University of Wisconsin, College
Tubes 1800 of Engineering.
Tube types 3 Design governed largely by striving for simplicity
Crystal diodes 550 of operation.
8 additional types of tubes are used in power
supply and voltage regulating circuits.
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