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BRL 1961, MAGNEFILE B, start page 0636

MAGNEFILE B

Magnefile Electronic Data Processing System B MANUFACTURER Electronics Corporation of America Business Machines Division Photo by Electronics Corporation of America APPLICATIONS Inventory control for retail sales department store. Special purposes no longer in production. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Decimal Decimal digits/word 8 Instructions/word Instructions wired in Instructions used 7 Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type One address Three addresses are entered simultaneously. ARITHMETIC UNIT Add time (exclud stor access) 150,000 microsec Construction vacuum tubes Basic pulse repetition rate 30 Kc/sec Arithmetic mode Serial Timing Asynchronous Operation Sequential STORAGE Medium Words Access Microsec Magnetic Drum 4,040 300,000 INPUT OUTPUT Media Speed Full Keyboard 4 char/sec Typewriter 7 char/sec CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Tubes 130 6 Types Crystal diodes 40 Different plug-in units 10 Separate cabinets 1 CHECKING FEATURES Continuous checking total POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Power, computer 0.6 Kw Area, computer 3.5 ft x 2.5 ft Weight, computer 400 lbs COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Approximate cost of basic system $20,000. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS One operator required during operation. A service technician is called when needed. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Passed Customer Acceptance Test15 February 1954. INSTALLATIONS B. Altman and Company Fifth Avenue New York, New York
BRL 1961, MAGNEFILE D, start page 0637

MAGNEFILE D

Magnefile Electronic Data Processing System Model D MANUFACTURER Electronics Corporation of America Business Machines Division
Photo by Electronics Corporation of America APPLICATIONS Inventory control. No longer manufactured. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Decimal Decimal. digits/word 42 Instructions/word Instructions wired in Instructions used 77 Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type One address Three one-address commands are entered simultaneously. ARITHMETIC UNIT Add time (exclud stor access) 100,000 microsec Construction Vacuum tubes Basic pulse repetition rate 40 Kc/sec Arithmetic mode Serial Timing Asynchronous Operation Sequential STORAGE Media Words Access Microsec Magnetic Drum 8,000 50 000 Magnetic Drum 500 50,000 The larger drum stores 8,000 21 dec dig words. The smaller drum stores 500 42 dec dig words. INPUT OUTPUT Media Speed Full Keyboard Manual (4 char/sec) Typewriter 10 char/sec Remote keyboards may be added. CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Tubes 140 4 Types Crystal diodes 240 Different plug-in units 12 Separate cabinets 1 POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Power, computer 1 Kw Area, computer 5 ft x 3 ft Weight, computer 700 lbs PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced 1 No longer in production COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Approximate cost of basic system $50,000. No longer in production. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS One operator. On call technician. RELIABILITY OPERATING EXPERIENCE. AND TIME AVAILABILITY Passed Customer Acceptance Test 5 August 1953. INSTALLATIONS B. Altman and Company Fifth Avenue New York, New York
BRL 1961, MANIAC I, start page 0638

MANIAC I

Mathematical Analyzer Numerical Integrator and Computer Model I MANUFACTURER University of California Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
Photo by University of California, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory APPLICATIONS University of New Mexico Research Center Located at University of New Mexico Research Center, 2206 Lomas Blvd., N.E. (Box 181), albuquerque, New Mexico, the system is used for general purpose scientific computations, providing a computer service to faculty and students of the university. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits per word 40 Binary digits/instruction 8 Instructions per word 2 Instructions decoded 36 Binary digits/instruction not decoded 2 Instructions used 35 Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type One address Number range -1 < n < 1 ARITHMETIC UNIT Exclud Stor Access Microsec Add time 80 Mult time 1,000 Div time 1,000 Construction Vacuum tubes Arithmetic mode Parallel Timing Asynchronous Operation Concurrent STORAGE Access Media Words Microsec Electrostatic (CRT) 1,024 8 - 16 Magnetic Drum 10,000 50 words in 83,000 Cathode Ray Tube is of the Williams type.
BRL 1961, MANIAC I, start page 0639
INPUT Media Speed Paper Tape 1,024 words in 48 seconds Magnetic Tape 1,024 words in 45 seconds OUTPUT Media Speed Printer (Teletype) 36 words/min Printer (Anelex) 3,600 words/min Paper Tape 81 words/min Magnetic Tape 1,024 words in 45 seconds CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Tubes 2,400 Tube types Crystal diodes 500 Different plug-in units 1 Electrostatic 6 Magnetic Drum Separate cabinets 4 Type 2BP1 cathode ray tubes (Williams) are used in the storage unit. CHECKING FEATURES Check sum on filling storage by paper tape and magnetic tape. Check sum on filling magnetic drum. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION University of California Power, computer 35 Kw Volume, computer 128 cu ft Area, computer 20 sq ft Capacity, air conditioner 10 Tons U of New Mexico Site preparation include channeled floor for air conditioning and power, ceiling ducts for air conditioning, and a special room for the motor-generators (D.C. supply). COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Approximate cost of basic system $250,000. Approximate cost of high speed printer and magnetic drum $48, 000. Prices include development, construction and overhead. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS U of New Mexico System is to be operated and maintained by one person. It is expected to be operating prior to 1 Jan 1961 at the University of New Mexico. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY U of New Mexico Average error-free running period 5 Hours Good time 11,493 Hours Attempted to run time 12,399 furs Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.93 Above figures based on period from Mar 52 to Jan 57 Passed Customer Acceptance Test Mar 52 Time is available for rent to outside organizations. The machine was moved to the University of New Mexico in 1958. Installation was started in 1959. FUTURE PLANS U of New Mexico The machine is being studied by approximately six graduate students at the Master of Science level, with three masters thesis being written on proposed system changes, including, replacing the single channel tape system with a multi-channel system, a logical study of a program interchange between MANIAC I and a NATIONAL 102A, and modifications to the existing adder in the machine. INSTALLATIONS University of New Mexico Research Center 2206 Lomas Blvd. N. E. Albuquerque, New Mexico
BRL 1961, MANIAC II, start page 0640

MANIAC II

Mathematical Analyzer Numerical Integrator and Computer Model II MANUFACTURER University of California Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
Photo by University of California, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory APPLICATIONS University of California, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory Located at Los Alamos, N. M., the system is used for studies in automatic programming, symbolic manipulations (e.g., algebra, differential calculus), mathematics, esp. combinatorial and algebraic transformations, Monte Carlo, crystallography, and general applied mathematics. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits/word 48 Binary digits/instruction 24 Instructions per word 2 Instructions decoded 94 Aritbmetic system Fixed and floating point Instruction type One address Number range 2112 Instruction word format +----------+----------+----------+----------------+ | 1 | 2 8 | 9 10 | 11 24 | +----------+----------+----------+----------------+ | Break | Order | Index | Address | | Point | | | | +----------+----------+----------+----------------+ Automatic coding includes MADCAP (86 characters, full sub- and superscripting). Display quotients are planned. Registers and B-boxes include 3 B-boxes, a universal register, a storage register and a remainder register. ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl Stor Access Exclud Stor Access Microsec Microsec Mult 180 avg 180 avg Div 300 avg 300 avg Construction (Arithmetic unit only) Vacuum tubes 2,850 Diodes 1,040
BRL 1961, MANIAC II, start page 0641
Arithmetic mode Parallel Timing Asynchronous Operation Sequential STORAGE No. of No. of Bin Access Media Words Dig/Word Microsec Cathode Ray Tube 12,288 49 15 (avg) (Barrier Grid) Magnetic Cores 4,096 49 2.4 Magnetic Tape No. of units that can be connected 3 Units No. of chars/linear inch of tape 300 Char/inch Channels or tracks on the tape 1 Track/tape Blank tape separating each record 6 Inches Tape speed 60 Inches/sec Transfer rate 18,000 Char/sec Start time 25 Millisec Stop time 30 Millisec Average time for experienced operator to change reel of tape 60 Seconds . Physical properties of tape Width 0.25 Inch Length of reel 1,200 Feet Composition 1 1/2 mil mylar sandwich Two physical tracks on tape combine to form a sin- gle information channel. INPUT Media Speed Magnetic Tape 270 words/sec Paper Tape 250 char/sec Keyboard Manual OUTPUT Media Speed Magnetic Tape 270 words/sec Printer 77,400 char/sec (MAX) Punch 60 char/sec Electric Typewriter 10 char/sec Printer speed is 900 lines/min. CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Type Quantity Tubes 5,190 Diodes 3,050 Transistors 1,160 Magnetic Cores 200,700 95% of the tubes are Type 5965. 5,% are high power drives. CHECKING FEATURES Parity check on electrostatic storage and magnetic tape. Load sums for identification (+) Exponent spill Overflow (-) Exponent spill POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Power, computer 37 KVA Volume, computer 1,000 cu ft Area, computer 150 sq ft Capacity, air conditioner 15 Tons PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced to date 1 Number in current operation 1 COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES The total cost is about $350,000. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS One 8-Hour Shift Supervisors 3 Analysts 4 Programers 8 Coders 2 Clerks 1 Operators 1 Engineers 4 Technicians 4 Operation tends toward open shop. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Average error-free running period Several Hours Good time 50 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time 52 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.96 Above figures based on period from 1958 to present Time is not available for rent to outside organiza- tion. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS 3 indexing registers (B registers) for automatic, address modification and cycle counting (independent of arithmetic elements). Semi-automatic exit from sub-routines. Large base for floating point operation to increase speed of floating point additions. "Madcap", Mathematical and Descriptions Coding Assembly Program, will translate a series of logical and algebraic statements into a computer ready code, this will use a seven hole tape, standard coding uses five holes. Tape reader can handle either. INSTALLATIONS University of California Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory P. O. Box 1663 Los Alamos, New Mexico
BRL 1961, MANIAC III, start page 0642

MANIAC III

Mathematical Analyzer Numerical Integrator and Computer MANUFACTURER University of Chicago Institute for Computer Research APPLICATIONS This system will be used by all interested departments of the University of Chicago. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits/word 48 Instructions per word 1 Instructions decoded 94 Arithmetic system Floating point Instruction type Two address Number range Fraction range (1 - 2-39) to -1 Exponent range +127 to -127 Instruction word format +------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+ | 1 | 7 | 1 | 5 | 14 | 1 | 5 | 14 | +------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+ | Tag | Opera- | Inflec- | Modi- | Address | Inflec- | Modi- | Address | | | tion | tor | fier | | for | fier | | +------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+ Registers and B-boxes 3 Arithmetic Registers 8 Transistor Storage Registers 8 Index Registers 2 Indicator Registers Four different types of arithmetic (significant digit floating point, specified point, normalized, basic), all using same number format (exponent-fraction). Special exponent used to denote absolute zero (essentially zero with exponent -(x). ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl Stor Access Exclud Stor Access Microsec Microsec Add 24 + n/2 18 + n/2 Mult 71 65 Div 81 75 n = difference of exponents. Construction (Arithmetic unit only) Transistors 10,000 Condenser-diodes 16,000 Arithmetic mode Parallel Timing Asynchronous Operation Concurent STORAGE Access No. of Words No. of Digits Microsec 8,192 48 1 Plans in progress toinclude an additional 8,192 words. Magnetic Tape No. of units that can be connected 4 Units No. of char/linear inch of tape 250 Char/inch Channels or tracks on the tape 8 Tracks/tape Blank tape separating each record 5 Inches Tape speed 150 Inches/sec Transfer rate 37,500 Char/sec Start time 5 Millisec Stop time 5 Millisec Average time for experienced operator to change reel of tape 60 Seconds Physical properties of tape Width 0.5 Inches length of reel 2,500 Feet Composition Mylar INPUT Media Speed Paper Tape 350 char/sec Keyboard (Type- Manual Alphabetic and numeric writer) Magnetic Tape 37,500 char/sec OUTPUT Media Speed Paper Tape 60 char/sec Line Printer 600 lines/min Magnetic Tape 37,500 char/sec CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Type quantity Diodes 20,000 Transistors 12,000 Magnetic cores 500,000 CHECKING FEATURES Parity on tapes and core storage.
BRL 1961, MANIAC III, start page 0643
POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE. PREPARATION Power, computer 2 Kw 2 KVA 1.0 pf Area, computer 64 sq ft Roam size, computer 25 ft x 30 ft Floor loading 50 lbs/sq ft max 20 lbs/sq ft 50 lbs concen max Weight, computer 600 lbs Roam temperature controlled to 75oF., humidity 40% - 60%. Cable ways under floor, or false floor. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Open shop policy. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS All arithmetic performed on operands in exponentcoefficient form; several options for sealing of result allow calculation to be performed, "generalized fixed point", "normalized", significance-mode, or multiple-precision as convenient. INSTALLATIONS University of Chicago Institute for Computer Research Chicago 37, Illinois

BRL 1961, MERLIN, start page 0644

MERLIN

MERLIN MANUFACTURER Brookhaven National Laboratory APPLICATIONS Located at Upton, New York, the system is used for Atomic Energy Commission programs, including areas of physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, reactor studies, acceleration design and meteorology. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Number of binary digits per word 48 Number of binary digits per instruction 48 Number of instructions per word 1 Number of instructions decoded Approx 90 Arithmetic system Floating point Fixed point Instruction type One address (mostly) Two address (some) Number range 2-120 - 2120 Instruction word format +----+----+----+----+-----------------+--------------------+ | Y | Z | b | b' | m | m' | +----+----+----+----+-----------------+--------------------+ YZ = command (two hexadecimal characters) b B box address for lst address, 2nd address b' (4 bits each) m lst memory address (16 bits each) m' 2nd memory address Automatic built-in subroutines Square-root Registers and B-boxes 6 B-boxes 3 shifting and 4 non-shifting registers, the latter for fast access storage, in Arithmetic Section Pathfinder for subroutine return 16 bit Sense Register 48 bit word has one multi-address instruction. The numerical operand represents number in the form 28e X: four bits specify magnitude of exponent e, one bit its sign; 40 bits the magnitude of the fractional part X and one bit its sign Of the remaining two bits of the word (tag bits), one may be automatically detected by control. Fetching of next sequenced instruction begins before completion of operation. MERLIN is patterned after MANIAC II (Los Alamos). ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl. Stor. Access Exclud. Stor. Access Microsec. Microsec. Add 8 us (3.5) - Mult. 140 us 130 Div. 330 " 320 Construction, arithmetic unit only Type Quantity Vacuum tubes 5956 800 6197 275 Diodes T3G 7,000 Arithmetic mode Parallel STORAGE No. of No. of Access Medium Words Digits Microsec Electrostatic Barrier Grid Tube 8,192 49 6 INPUT Media Speed Flexowriter 10 char/sec Friden Paper Tape 200 char/sec Ferranti TR 2 Magnetic Tape 20K char/sec Ampex FR 300 - 4 units OUTPUT Media Speed Flexowriter 10 char/sec Friden Paper Tape 60 char/sec Teletype Magnetic Tape 2OK char/sec Ampex FR 300 Printer 10 lines (96 char) Shepard sec CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Type Quantity Tubes 5965 2,500 Blocking Osc. Flip Flops and Cathode followers 6197 400 Pulse Drivers 12E1 18 Deflection Amplifiers and Pulse Amps. OA2 24 Regulators Diodes T3G 16,000 Gating and Switching T5G 350 Gating and Switching IN643 150 Gating and Switching Zenor Diodes Various 40 Bias Supplies Transistors 2N247 400 Memory Read Amplifier and Buffer 2N393 100 Memory Discriminator 2N344 300 Memory Strobe and Parity 2N1091 20 Emitter Followers Magnetic Cores Various 1,200 Blocking Oscillator and Pulse Transformers
BRL 1961, MERLIN, start page 0645
CHECKING FEATURES Parity check at input/output and memory output. Single bit error correction to be added at memory output. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Power, computer 40 Kw 45 KVA 0.9 pf Power, sir conditioner 16 Kw 18 KVA 0.9 pf Volume, computer 1500 cu ft Area, computer 165 sq ft Room size, computer 1400 sq ft Volume, air conditioner 150 cu ft Area, air conditioner 25 sq ft Room size, air conditioner 1200 sq ft Capacity, air conditioner 20 Tons PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced to date 1 Number in current operation 1 COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Cost $600,000 PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS One 8-Hour Shift Used Supervisors 1 Analysts 2 Programmers 7 Clerks 1 Engineers 2 Technicians 3 Operation tends toward open shop. Formal two week course (1 1/2 hr/day). Individual assistance as required. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Time is available for rent to outside organizations on a qualified basis. Operating figures are not yet available. Computer is in final stages of debugging and is available on a limited basis. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Outstanding features include 4 fast access temporary storage registers. FUTURE PLANS An additional 8000 words of Radechon memory still be incorporated with a self-correcting code. An 8000 word magnetic core memory will also be added. Modifications, including specialized input-output equipment, will be undertaken on the basis of specific research requirements. INSTALLATIONS Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York

BRL 1961, MINIAC II, start page 0646

MINIAC II

MINIAC II MANUFACTURER Marchant Calculators, Incorporated (Now Smith-Corona Marchant, Inc.) Data Processing Systems Division
Picture by The Atlantic Refining Company, Incorporated, Dallas, Texas APPLICATIONS The Atlantic Refining Company Scientific and engineering. Utilized by the Atlantic Refining Company's Research and Development Department for research and development in oil exploration and production. Scientific and engineering applications include synthetic seismograms, geophone responses, chemical process designs and fluid flow in porous media. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Bin coded and Hexa dec Digits per word 10 decimal Digits per instruction 10 decimal Instructions per word 1 Instructions decoded 71 Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type One address ARITHMETIC UNIT Includ. Stor. Access Exclud. Stor. Access Microsec Microsec Average Maximum Add time 11,200 21,200 450 Mult time 24,300 41,400 13,600 Div time 25,600 43,200 14,800 Construction Vacuum tubes Basic pulse repetition rate 300 Kc/sec Arithmetic mode Serial Timing Synchronous (clocking channels on the drum) Operation Sequential The add time, excluding storage access, given above, is equivalent to 3 word times. The operand and instruction times are included in all the above values.
BRL 1961, MINIAC II, start page 0646
STORAGE Microsec Media Words Digits Access Magnetic drum 4,096 10 plus sign 1,200-10,000 256 words, 2,500 microsec average access, is optional. INPUT Media Speed Paper Tape (Flexowriter) 600 char/min (6 channel tape) Ferranti Photoelectric 300 words/min (limited Reader by loading program) Keyboard Manual OUTPUT Media Speed Paper Tape (Flexowriter) 600 dig/min Friden Punch 30 char/sec (6 channel) Spare Flexowriter can also be used for the separate preparation of data and programs. CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Tubes 850 Tube types 7 cover 95%, Crystal diodes 2,000 Separate cabinets 1 There are 75 types of plug-ins at $10 each. 50%, of the machine uses 7 types of plug-ins. The major types of tubes are the 5963, 5687, 12BH7, 12AT7 5965, 5915, 2D21 A cold water supply and a desk for the Flexowriter is included. CHECKING FEATURES Timing circuits Twenty jacks for applying marginal voltages POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Power, computer 5 KW, 220 volt Space, computer 91 cu ft, 20 sq ft Space, air cond. Dimensions 4.5 x 4.5 x 4.5 ft plus desk Weight, computer 2,000 lbs Capacity, air cond. 2 tons Designed for cooling by water between 60o and 65oF. PRODUCTION RECORD Produced1 Model C and 1 Model II Operating1 Model C and 1 Model II Delivery timeNo longer manufactured COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Approximate cost of basic system $85,000 Approximate cost of Flexowriter 2,950 Approximate cost of Spare Flexowriter 2,950 No maintenance contract. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS One 8-Hour Two &-Hour Three 8-Hour Shift Shifts Shifts Used Recom Used Recom Used Recom Operators 1 1 1 2 1 2 Typist 0 1 0 1 0 1 Methods of training used On the Job RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Good time 42 Hours/Week Attempted to run time 48 Hours/Week Operating ratio (Good/Attempted 0.875 to run time), Above figures based on period from 26 Feb 60 to 26 Mar 6o Acceptance test 1 Mar 55 Time is not available for rent to outside organizations. Magnetic drum replaced in 1958. Converted from one-address to two-address operation in 1959. FUTURE PLANS Incorporation of a Moseley system, to have the following items: Tape Translator X-Y Recorder Character Printer Curve Follower INSTALLATIONS Atlantic Refining Company Research and Development Laboratory 4500 W. Mockingbird Lane Dallas, Texas
BRL 1961, MISTIC, start page 0648

MISTIC

Michigan State Digital Computer MANUFACTURER Michigan State University
Photo by Michigan State University APPLICATIONS Service facility for University staff and students on an open shop basis for general purpose computation. Used for instructional purposes in several programming and numerical analysis courses vhich are offered for credit by the University. Available for use on applicable sponsored research projects. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Number of binary digits per word 40 Number of binary digits per instruction 20 Number of instructions per word 2 Total number of instructions decoded 186, of which 139 are unique Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type One-address Number range -1 to +(1-2-39)
BRL 1961, MISTIC, start page 0649
Instruction word format +--------------------+----------+-------------------+-------------+ | ORDER | ADDRESS | ORDER | ADDRESS | | Type Variant | | Type Variant | | | 4 bits 4 bits | 12 bits | 4 bits 4 bits | 12 bits | +--------------------+----------+-------------------+-------------+ Two 40-bit shifting registers and one 40-bit fixed register for arithmetic operations. Two separate 2-bit registers will hold a bank address for 16,384 word core memory, one register each for operands and instructions. ARITHMETIC UNIT Operation, Incl stor. access Microseconds Add time 100 Mult time 1,000 Div time 1,100 Excl stor. access Add time 80 Mutt time 980 Div time 1,080 Construction (Arithmetic unit only) Vacuum tubes type Quantity 5844 580 7044 236 5670 120 Arithmetic mode Serial STORAGE Media Number Digits per Access of Words Word Microseconds Cathode Ray Tube 1,024 40 bin 20 Magnetic Core 16,384 40 bin 20 The MCmemory will replace the CRT memory. INPUT Media Speed 5-level Fhotodiode Paper Tape 300 char/sec Cards 200 cards/min Above speeds are maximum. Card decoding is programmed so that input is 100 cards/minute for most applications. OUTPUT Media Speed Paper Tape 60 char/sec Teletypewriter 10 char/sec Cards 100 cards/min, max Cards are program decoded. CRT output is under construction. CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Tubes Type Quan 544 1, 300 5670 650 7044 400 5726 100 Misc. 160 Total 2,610 CHECKING FEATURES Division algorithm automatically checks for overflow and division by O. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Power, computer 18.5 K. W., input to com- puter Power, air conditioner 10 K. W., including fan, water pump and cooling tower fan Volume, computer 500 cu ft Volume, power supplies 200 cu ft Volume, air conditioner 150 cu ft Volume, cooling tower 320 cu ft Area, computer 75 sq ft Area, power supplies 30 sq ft Area, air conditioner 32 sq ft Area, cooling tower 32 sq ft Room, computer 12 ft x 18 ft Room, power supplies 8 ft x 9 ft Air conditioner 10 Horsepower PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced to date 1 Number in current operation 1 PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Typical Personnel One 8-Hour Shift Supervisors 1 Analysts 2 Programmers 2 Clerks 1 Librarians 1 Operators 1 Engineers 1 Technicians 1 The computer is operated on an open-shop basis so that most of the functions other than direct opera- tion and maintenance of the computer are taken care of by the various users. INSTALLATIONS Michigan State University East Lansing, Michigan FUTURE PLANS A 40-bit 16,384 word core memory is under construction and will replace the existing 1,024 word CRT memory in the Fall of 1960. A CRT output with an attached camera is also under construction which will permit analog output directly from the computer. This will be made available in the Fall of 1960.
BRL 1961, MOBIDIC A, start page 0650

MOBIDIC A

Mobile Digital Computer A AN/MYK-1(v) MANUFACTURER Sylvania Electric Products, Incorporated
Photo by Sylvania Electric Products, Inc. APPLICATIONS Presently located at the Needham Industrial Park, the MOBIDIC "A" is a mobile, highly-reliable, high speed, general purpose computing facility for use by field commanders for combat support data processing, combat control data processing, combat computation, and logistic computations. The Real Time System consist of Real Time InputOutput registers, both of which are capable of communicating with an external device (including another MOBIDIC) over nine lines (6 data, 1 parity, 2 control). The Input system incorporates a program interupt feature. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits/word 36 plus sign & parity bits Binary digits/instruction 36 plus spare & parity bits Instructions per word 1 Instructions decoded 52 Arithmetic system Fixed point Assumed binary point at left end of word, between bits 36 & 37 Instruction type One address Some instructions are two address, e.g. load, move, etc. Number range-(1 - 2-36) to +(1 - 2-36)
BRL 1961, MOBIDIC A, start page 0651
Instruction word format Standard Computer Instruction Word +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ | 38 | 37 | 36 31 | 30 28 | 27 16 | 15 13 12 1 | +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ | Parity | Spare | Op. |Index Reg. | Minor | Major | | | | Code | Selection | Address | Address | +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ Input-Output Instruction Word +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ | 38 | 37 | 36 31 | 30 22 | 21 16 | 15 13 12 1 | +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ | Parity | Spare | In- |Word-Block | Device | Storage | | | | Out |Counter | Selec- | Address | | | | Comd | | tion | | +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ Automatic coding includes the Mobidic Assembly Program. Registers include 6 in the Central Processor, 4 Index, 2 in the Communications Converter, and 2 in the In/Out Converter. Instructions consist of 15 Arithmetic, 8 Transfer, 17 Logical, 3 Sense, and 9 Input-Output instructions. Index Registers are expansible to a total of 7. ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl. Stor. Access Exclud. Stor. Access Microsec Microsec Add 16 8 Mult 86 78 Div 88 88 Construction (Arithmetic unit only) Transistors 6,000 Arithmetic modeParallel Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential Mostly sequential, however processing may proceed during input-output operations. STORAGE No. of No. of Access Media Words Bits/word Microsec Core Memory (2) 4096 each 40 8 Expandable to a total of 7 memories. Magnetic Tape No. of units that can be connected 63 Units No. of chars/linear inch of tape 300 Chars/inch Channels or tracks on the tape 8 Tracks/tape Blank tape separating each record 1.5 Inches Tape speed 150 Inches/sec Transfer rate 45,000 Chars/sec Start time 1.5 Millisec Stop time 1.5 Millisec Average time for experienced operator to change reel 120 Seconds Physical properties of tape Width 1/2 Inches Length of reel 3600 Feet Composition 1 mil mylar The 40 bit word length in storage is made up of: 36 bit magnitude 1 bit sign 1 bit parity 1 busy-bit 1 spare-bit --- 40 Total in storage INPUT Media Speed Paper Tape 5 channel 200 char/sec (start-stop) to 11/16 inch tape 270 char/sec Paper Tape 8 channel 200-270 char/sec 1 inch tape Real Time Channel 120,000 char/sec character by character ' Cards 200 cards/min The Real Time System was designed to operate with the Collins Kineplex equipment whose speed is 300 characters/sec. or with another MOBIDIC; however, it can operate with any compatible transmission equipment. OUTPUT Media Speed Paper Tape 5 channel 100 char/sec 11/16" tape Paper Tape 8 channel 100 char/sec 1 inch tape Real Time 120,000 char/secchar by char Flexowriter 10 char/sec CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Type Quantity Diodes SG-225 6,000 Transistors 2N393 32,000 Magnetic Cores 311,200 CHECKING FEATURES Checking features include parity on memory transfer and input- output, overflow, nonexistent memory, non-existent instruction, and non-existent device (I/0). Marginal. checking may also be performed. Diagnostic Routines to check the machine and indicate instruction which fail and aid in the localization of failures are available. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Power, computer 29.76 Kw 37.2 KVA 0.8 pf Power, air conditioners 4.64 Kw 5 8 KVA 0.8 pf Volume, computer 1,440 cu ft Area, computer 240 sq ft Floor loading 300 lbs/sq ft 240 lbs concen max Volume, two air conditioners 72 cu ft Area, two air conditioners 48 sq ft Capacity, two air conditioners 6 Tons Weight, computer 12,000 lbs Weight, air conditioners 1,200 lbs The computer is mounted in a 30 foot van, air conditioning ducts on the right and left ceilings, and the heater duct at floor level behind the I/0 converters, Central Processor, and memory units. Air-conditioning is for operator comfort only.
BRL 1961, MOBIDIC A, start page 0652
PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced to date 1 Number in current operation 1 Time required for delivery 18 months System is being tested and evaluated. COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Large computer system such as this one is seldom duplicated from one installation to another. Individual problem and application normally requires unique configuration and special features that establish either purchase or lease price. Upon completion of a feasibility study when the requirements are known, along with a calculated growth, costs could be determined. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Training will be dependent on the requirements of the user. However, it is recommended that personnel have a minimum of 4 weeks of formal class room lectures followed, if possible, by closely supervised on-the-,job-training. Number of operating personnel will depend on the requirements of the user. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Time is not available for rent to outside organizations. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Outstanding features include ruggedization for field use. System operates between -25OF to 125oF and 0 to 97% relative humidity. It is built on a modular basis, expansible in memory (to 7), I 0 converter (up to 4), and I/0 equipment (to 635. Unique system advantages include containment in 240 sq ft. It is a completely mobile, large scale, general purpose system.System is designed for reliability, mobility, flexibility, fixed plant, and strategic installation, with minimum space requirements, and minimum pyre-installation cost, such as air conditioning and power. This machine is a member of the ArmyDATA Family of Computers. It uses the FIELDATA code and is compatible with other FIELDATA machines. INSTALLATIONS One MOBIDIC will be installed for the 7th Army Stock Control Center in Germany. Other systems will be installed to cover a wide range of applications.
BRL 1961, MOBIDIC A, start page 0653

BRL 1961, MOBIDIC B, start page 0654

MOBIDIC B

Mobile Digital Computer B AN/MYK-2(v) MANUFACTURER Sylvania Electric Products, Incorporated APPLICATIONS The MOBIDIC B is a duplexed general purpose computer being developed for inclusion into a tectical army operation center. The machine's mechanized instruction list was selected for optimized operation in the processing of data rather than for scientific calculations. The two machines may be synchronized together and run as one machine or they may be used separately. The MOBIDIC B has two real time in-out registers and possible sources of such real time data are radar equipment, weather stations, drone aircraft and other MOBIDICS. This computer is also suited for applications such as message switching centers. One processor receives the incoming message and does the incoming processing and then stores the message in the common mass memory. The second processor would serve as the output message processor, taking the message from the common mass memory completing the processing and transmitting it out. If one machine failed, the second could handle the work at a reduced system speed. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits/word 36 plus sign bit & parity Binary digits/instruction 36 plus spare bit & parity Instructions/word 1 Instructions decoded 55 + 9 special subroutine instructions Arithmetic system Fixed point Assumed binary point at left end of word, between bits 36 and 37 Instruction type One address Some instructions are two address, e.g. load, move, etc. Number range -(1 - 2-36) to +(1 - 2-36) Instruction word format Standard Computer Instruction Word +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ | 38 | 37 | 36 31 | 30 28 | 27 16 | 15 13 12 1 | +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ | Parity | Spare | Op. |Index Reg. | Minor | Major | | | | Code | Selection | Address | Address | +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ Input-Output Instruction Word +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ | 38 | 37 | 36 31 | 30 22 | 21 16 | 15 13 12 1 | +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ | Parity | Spare | In- |Word-Block | Device | Storage | | | | Out |Counter | Selec- | Address | | | | Comd | | tion | | +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ Automatic coding includes MOBIDIC Assembly Program. Registers include 8 in the central processor, 2 in the communications converter, 2 in the In/Out Converter and 7 index registers. Instructions consist of 15 Arithmetic, 9 Transfer, 18 Logical, 3 Sense, 10 Input-Output, and 9 Special instructions. ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl. Stor. Access Exclud. Stor. Access Microsec Microsec Add 42 34 Mult 88 80 Div Not mechanized Construction (Arithmetic unit only) Transistors 6,000 Arithmetic mode Parallel Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential STORAGE No. of No. of Access Media Words Bits/word Microsec Magnetic Core 8,192 8 Disk 6.25 x 106 8 1 x 106 Expansible to a total of 7 core memories of 4,096 words each Magnetic Tape No. of units that can be connected 63 Units No. of chars/linear inch of tape 300 Chars/inch Channels or tracks on the tape 8 Tracks/tape Blank tape separating each record 1.5 Inches Tape speed 150 Inches/sec Transfer rate 45,000 Chars/sec Start time 1.5 Millisec Stop time 1.5 Millisec Average time for experienced 120 Seconds operator to change reel Physical properties of tape Width 1/2 Inches Length of reel 3,600 Feet Composition 1 mil mylar INPUT Speed Paper Tape 5 channel 200 char/sec (start-stop) 1116 inch tape 270 char/sec Paper Tape 8 channel 200-270 char/sec 1 inch tape Real Time Channel 120,000 char/sec oharacter by character Cards 200 cards/min The Real Time System was designed to operate with the Collins Kineplex equipment whose speed is 300 characters/sec. or with another MOBIDIC; however, it can operate with any compatible transmission equipment. OUTPUT Media Speed Paper Tape 5 channel 100 char/sec 11/16" tape Paper Tape 8 channel 100 char/sec 1 inch tape Real Time 120,000 char/sec char by char Flexowriter 10 char/sec
BRL 1961, MOBIDIC B, start page 0654
CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Type Quantity Diodes SG225 6,000 Transistors 2N393 Approx.30,000 Magnetic Cores 655,360 CHECKING FEATURES Checking features include parity on memory transfer and input- output, overflow, non-existant memory, non-existant instruction, and non-existant device (I/0). Marginal checking may also be performed. Diagnostic Routines to check the machine and indicate instruction which fail and aid in the localization of failures are available. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Power, computer 34.2 Kw 42.75 KVA 0.8 Pf Power, air conditioner 6.6 Kw8.25 KVA 0.8 pf Volume, computer 690 cu ft Volume, sir conditioner 72 cu ft Area, computer 115 sq ft Area, sir conditioner 48 sq ft Weight, computer 12,600 lbs Weight, sir conditioner 1,200 lbs Capacity, air conditioner Two at 1.5 Tons each Air conditioners are for personnel comfort only Computer is mounted in a 30 ft van and a shelter of approximately the size of an S-109. PRODUCTION RECORD Number in current production 1 Number on order 1 Time required for delivery 18 months ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Outstanding features include reggedization for field use. System operates between -250oF to +125oF and 0 to 97% relative humidity. It is built on a modular basis, expansible in memory (to 4), I/0 converter (up to 4), and I/0 equipment (to 635. Unique system advantages include containment in 335 sq ft. It is a completely mobile, large scale, general purpose system. System is designed for reliability, mobility, flexibility, fixed plant, and strategic installation, with m-ini,mrm space requirements, and minim= pre-installation cost, such as air conditioning and power. This machine is a member of the Army FIELDATA Family of Computers. It uses the FIELDATA code and is compatible with other FIELDATA machines. The 40 bit word length in storage is made up of: 36 bit magnitude 1 bit sign 1 bit parity 1 busy-bit 1 spare-bit 40 Total in storage

BRL 1961, MOBIDIC C D & 7A , start page 0656

MOBIDIC C D & 7A

Mobile Digital Computer C, D, & 7A AN/MYK-1(v) MANUFACTURER Sylvania Electric Products, Incorporated APPLICATIONS MOBIDIC C, D, and 7A are mobile highly reliable, high speed, general purpose computing systems for use by the field commanders for combat support data processing, combat control data processing, combat computations and logistic computations. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits/word 36 plus sign & parity bits Binary digits/instruction 36 plus spare & parity bits Instruction per word 1 Instructions decoded 52 Arithmetic system Fixed point Assumed binary point atleft end of word, between bits 36 & 37 Instruction type One address Some instructions are two address, e.g. load, move, etc. Number range-(1 - 2-36) to +(1 - 2-36 Instruction word format Standard Computer Instruction Word +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ | 38 | 37 | 36 31 | 30 28 | 27 16 | 15 13 12 1 | +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ | Parity | Spare | Op. |Index Reg. | Minor | Major | | | | Code | Selection | Address | Address | +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ Input-Output Instruction Word +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ | 38 | 37 | 36 31 | 30 22 | 21 16 | 15 13 12 1 | +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ | Parity | Spare | In- |Word-Block | Device | Storage | | | | Out |Counter | Selec- | Address | | | | Comd | | tion | | +--------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+ Automatic coding includes the Mobidic Assembly Program. Registers include 6 in the Central Processor, 4 Index, 2 in the Communications Converter, and 2 in the In/Out Converter. Instructions consist of 15 Arithmetic, 8 Transfer, 17 Logical, 3 Sense, and 9 Input-Output instructions. Index registers are expansible to a total of 7. ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl. Stor. AccessExclud. Stor. Access Microsec Microsec Add 16 8 Mult 86 78 Div 88 80 Construction (Arithmetic unit only) Transistors 6,O00 Arithmetic mode Parallel Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential Operation is primarily sequential, however processing may proceed duting input-output operations. STORAGE No. of Access Medium No. of Words Bits/word Microsec Magnetic Core 2 ea (4096) 40 8 total 8192 Expansible to a total of 7 magnetic core memories of 4,096 words each. Magnetic Tape No. of units that can be connected 63 Units No. of chars/linear inch 300 Chars/inch Channels or tracks on the tape 16 Tracks/tape Blank tape separating each record 1-1/2 Inches Tape speed 1-150 Inches/sec Transfer rate 300-45,000 Chars/sec Start time 3 Millisec Stop time 3 Millisec Average time for experienced operator to change reel 120 Seconds Physical properties of tape Width 1 Inch Length of reel 3,600 Feet Composition Mylar MOBIDIC C & MOBIDIC D each have (8) tape units while MOBIDIC 7A has 11. INPUT Media Speed Paper Tape 5 channe l200 char/sec (start-stop) to 1116 inch tape 270 char/sec Paper Tape 8 channel 200-270 char/sec 1 inch tape Real Time Channel 120,000 char/sec character by character Cards 200 cards/min OUTPUT Media Speed Paper Tape 5 channel 100 char/sec 1116" tape Paper Tape 8 channel 100 char/sec 1 inch tape Real Time 120,000 char/sec Flexowriter 10 char/sec char by char CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Type Quantity Diodes SG225 6,000 Transistors 2N393 30,000 Magnetic Cores 335,872 MOBIDIC is a completely Solid State computer CHECKING FEATURES Parity on memory transfer and input-output, over flow, non- existant memory, non-existant instruction, non-existant device (I/0), marginal checking, and diagnostic programs to check the machine and indicate instructions which fail and aid in the localization of failures.
BRL 1961, MOBIDIC C D & 7A , start page 0657
POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Power, computer 44.8 Kw 56 KVA 0.8 pf Power, air conditioner 9.28 Kw 11.6 KVA 0.8 pf Volume, computer 2,880 cu ft Volume, air conditioner 72 cu ft Area, computer 480 sq ft Area, air conditioner 48 sq ft Weight, computer 7,000 lbs Weight, air conditioner 600 lbs ea 1200 lbs -Total for 1 van 2400 lbs -Total for 2 vans Capacity, air conditioner 1 1/2 Tons 18,000 BTU/hr each No special site requirements.MOBIDIC C, D, 7A are mounted in two 30' vans. KVA & Kw ratings include air conditioning for two vans. Kw and KVA maximum for entire system. Air conditioning is for operator comfort only. Air conditioners are two per van. All figures are for two vans. PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced to date 1 - AN - MYK - 1(v) Number in current operation 1 Number in current production 3 Time required for delivery 18 months ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Outstanding features include reggedization for field use. System operates between -25oF to +125oF and 0 to 97% relative humidity. It is built on a modular basis, expansible in memory (to 7), I/O converter (up to 4), and I/0 equipment (to 63). Unique system advantages include containment in 480 sq ft. It is a completely mobile, large scale, general purpose system. System is designed for reliability, mobility, flexibility, fixed plant, and strategic installation, with minimum space requirements, and minima pre-installation cost, such as air conditioning and power. This machine is a member of the Army FIELDATA Family of Computers. It uses the FIELDATA code and is compatible with other FIELDATA machines. The 40 bit word length in storage is made up of: 36 bit magnitude 1 bit sign 1 bit parity 1 busy-bit 1 spare-bit 45 Total in storage

BRL 1961, MODAC 404, start page 0658

MODAC 404

Mountain Systems Digital Automatic Computer MANUFACTURER Airborne Instruments Laboratory, Incorporated (Parent Mountain Systems, Incorporated
Photo by Reader's Digest Association APPLICATIONS Statistical and business data processing, accounting, coding and controls. System is no longer being manufactured. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary coded decimal Decimal digits/word 6 Decimal digits/instruction 2 Instructions decoded 8 Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type One address Number range 0 to 999,999 Programming system is designed for special application. Operations include addition, subtraction, unit entry, bulk entry and transfer. ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl Stor Access Exclud Stor Access Microsec Microsec Add time 25, 000 240 Construction Vacuum tubes Basic pulse repetition rate 150 Kc/sec Arithmetic mode Serial Timing Asynchronous Operation Sequential The addition time given above is for the addition of two 6-digit decimal numbers. STORAGE Access Medium Words Digits Microsec Magnetic Drum 20,000 120,000 25,000 Access time given aboveis average.System stoles 500,000 binary digits in 50 milliseconds access time.
BRL 1961, MODAC 404, start page 0659
Photo by Reader's Digest Association INPUT Media Speed Paper Tape 200 char/sec Punched Cards (Rem. Rand Tab) 4 cards/sec OUTPUT Media Speed Paper Tape 200 char/sec Punched Cards (Rem. Rand Tab) 4 cards/sec CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Tubes 1,000 Tube types 3 Crystal diodes 2,000 Separate cabinets 1 CHECKING FEATURES Address check POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE. PREPARATION Power, computer 3 Kw Vole, computer 120 cu ft Area, computer 20 sq ft Weight, computer 1,500 lbs PRODUCTION RECORD Reader's Digest Association Number produced 1 Number is operation 1 COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Reader's Digest Association Approximate cost of basic system $100,000. System is no longer in production. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Reader's Digest Association Daily OperationEngineers Tech and Operators One 8-hour shift 0 1 RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Reader's Digest Association Good time 6,000 Hours Attempted to run time 6,188 Hours Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.97 Figures based on period from Sep 55 to Jan 5T Passed Customer Acceptance Test Sep 54 Additional features include external programming, dual entry to memory with single address and an address check. System no longer manufactured.
BRL 1961, MODAC 410, start page 0660

MODAC 410

Mountain Systems Digital Automatic Computer Model 410 MANUFACTURER Airborne Instruments Laboratory, Incorporated Mountain Systems Incorporated APPLICATIONS Business data processing. System is no longer being manufactured. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Decimal - Excess 3 Decimal digits per word 10 Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type One address Number range 0 to 10 decimal digits Program is stored internally and on tape. ARITHMETIC UNIT Exclud Stor Access Microsec Add time 600 Mult time 7,000 Div time 7,000 Construction Vacuum tubes, magnetic elements and diodes Rapid access word registers 50 Basic pulse repetition rate 150 Kc/sec Arithmetic mode Serial Timing Asynchronous Operation Sequential Computer is serial with buffer storage. STORAGE Access Medium Words Microsec Magnetic Drum 5,000 7,500 50,000 decimal digits stored. Buffer storage in magnetic cores. INPUT Media Speed Punched Tape 400 char/sec Punched Cards 600 cards/min OUTPUT Media Speed Punched Tape 60 char/sec Punched Cards 600 cards/min CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Tubes 600 Tube types 3 Crystal diodes 3,000 Magnetic elements 1,000 Number of different plug in units 5 Number of separate cabinets 2 CHECKING FEATURES Number checks Address checks Odd number check POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE. PREPARATION Power, computer 4 Kw Volume, computer - 40 cu ft Area, computer 20 sq ft Weight, computer1,000 lbs PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced 1 Number in operation 1 System out of production. COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Approximate cost of basic system $120,000. Price includes input and output equipment described. Other equipment dependent upon specific application. System is no longer being manufactured. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS One operator required during operation. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Special translator or converter feature reads an abbreviation on a punched card, looks up corresponding code from a list of 5,000 and punches a code number into the same card at a reading and punching rate of 500 per minute. High speed tallying feature performs 1,440,000' unit additions per hour into selected registers. Transactions, from a total of 4,000 categories, can be read at random and added to an appropriate one of 4,000 registers. System no longer being manufactured. INSTALLATIONS Readers Digest Association, Incorporated Condensed Book Club Pleasantville, New York

BRL 1961, MODAC 414, start page 0661

MODAC 414

Mountain Systems Digital Automatic Computer Model 414 MANUFACTURER Airborne Instruments Laboratory, Incorporated (Parent) Mountain Systems, Incorporated APPLICATIONS Reader's Digest Association, Incorporated Large scale translation; statistical processing and general purpose computation. System is no longer being manufactured. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary coded decimal and alphanumeric Decimal digits/word 6 Decimal digits/instruction 2 Instructions decoded 12 Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction typeOne address (for general purpose applications) ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl Stor Access Exclud Stor Access Microsec Microsec Add time 8,000 288 %at time 8,000 8,000 Div time 8,000 8,000 Construction Vacuum tubes and magnetic cores Arithmetic mode Serial Timing Asynchronous Operation Sequential Concurrent for punched cards in any of three modes. The multiply and divide times given above include re-record time. STORAGE Access Media Words Characters Microsec Magnetic Drum 6,000 36,000 8,000 Magnetic Drum 4 24 576 Magnetic Cores 2 12 288 INPUT Media Speed Punched Cards 360 cards/min Paper Tape Paper tape is used for report programming and testing. OUTPUT Media Speed Punched Cards 360 cards/min Paper Tape 20 char/sec Punched cards are used for translation and paper tape for reports. CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Tubes 2,000 (approx) Tube types 3 (major) Crystal diodes 3,000 (approx) Magnetic cores 396 CHECKING FEATURES Odd-even checks on numerical calculations are used. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE. PREPARATION Power, computer 5 Kw Volume, computer 240 cu ft Area, computer 40 sq ft Weight, computer 3,000 lbs PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced 1 Number in operation 1 System is no longer being manufactured. COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Approximate cost of basic system $150,000. System is out of production. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Daily Operation Engineers Tech and Operators one 8-hour shift 0 2 RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Passed Customer Acceptance Test October 1956. System is no longer being manufactured. INSTALLATIONS Reader's Digest Association, Incorporated Condensed Book Club Pleasantville, New York

BRL 1961, MODAC 5014, start page 0662

MODAC 5014

Mountain Data Processor Model 5014 MANUFACTURER Airborne Instruments laboratory, Incorporated (Parent) Mountain Systems, Incorporated
Photo by Airborne Instruments Laboratory, Inc. APPLICATIONS Manufacturer Business data processor. System no longer being manufactured. Hickok Manufacturing Company, Incorporated A perpetual inventory, furnishing reports to the Central Planning and Packaging Departments. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits/word 20 Binary digits/instruction 60 Arithmetic system Decimal-binary Instruction type One address, consisting of two parts. Address "A" se- lects a magnetic drum read-re- cord head and address "B" se- lects a particular location on the drum. Number range "A" ranges from 0 to 66 "B" ranges from 0 to 150 ARITHMETIC UNIT Microsec Add time (Includ stor access) 32 Construction Vacuum tubes, using a combination of trigger pairs, pullers, and cathode followers. A crystal diode matrix is also used. Arithmetic mode A combination series-parallel shift register is utilized. Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential Three types of pulses are used to control operation. Serial feed is by use of 5 channel paper tape. Basic operations are addition, subtraction and "reading out" a balance.
BRL 1961, MODAC 5014, start page 0663
STORAGE Access Media Words Digits Microsec Magnetic Drum 10,000 50,000 Shift Register 1 5 32 Paper Tape Paper tape is utilized for permanent storage in order to release the magnetic drum for other purposes The magnetic drum is 8 inches long and 7 inches in diameter. There are 66 recording heads. The address system is composed of a relay pyramid and an electronic counter. INPUT Medium Speed Paper Tape 600 char/min Above tape is 5-channel tape, which is prepared by an IBM 063 Card-to-Tape Converter or a Flexowriter typewriter. OUTPUT Medium Speed Paper Tape 600 char/min Direct to paper tape or via a Flexowriter typewriter. CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Tubes 535 Tube types 8 Crystal diodes 150 Separate cabinets 4 Crystal diode types used are the 1N35 and the 734116. Tube types used are the 5965, 5915, 6AN5, 12BH7, 12AX7, 2D21, 5963, and 6AS6. All four cabinets are inter-cabled. The IBM 063 Card-to-Tape Converter and the Flexowriter are located in an adjoining room. The Flexowriter can be cabled directly to the computer so as to print out in hard copy as the computer is in operation. CHECKING FEATURES Checking is performed by using predetermined "heads" and "spots" on the drum and tapes with known answers A visual check is made. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Volume, computer 120 cu ft Area, computer 16 sq ft Four cabinets 2 x 2 x 7-5 ft each Weight, computer 600 lbs COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Hickok Manufacturing Company, Inc- Approximate cost of basic system $85,000 Approximate cost of Flexowriter 1,200 Rental rates of IBM 063 Card to Tape Converter ($65.00 plus $6.50 tax)/month. System is no longer manufactured. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Hickok Manufacturing Company, Inc. One operator and 1 clerk are utilized to operate the system on a one 8-hour shift/week basis. One engineer is utilized for developing methods and procedures. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Average error-free running period 30 Hours Good time 145 Hours/Week Attempted to run time 168 Hours/Week Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.87 Figures based on the last three years. Passed Customer Acceptance Test July 1954 System is no longer being manufactured. INSTALLATIONS Hickok Manufacturing Company, Incorporated Rochester, New York
BRL 1961, MONROBOT III, start page 0664

MONROBOT III

Monroe Computer Model III MANUFACTURER Monroe Calculating Machine Company Electronics Division
Photo by Monroe Calculating Machine Company, Electronics Division APPLICATIONS Air Force Cambridge Research Center Scientific calculation. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary coded decimal Decimal digits/word 20 Decimal digits/instruction 10 Instructions per word 1 Instructions decoded 11 Instructions used 11 Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type Four address Number range 10-10 <= n <= 1010 - 1 ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl Stor Access Microsec Add time 120,000 Mult time 540,000 Div time 540,000 Construction Vacuum tubes Basic pulse repetition rate 10 Kc/sec Arithmetic mode Serial Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential
BRL 1961, MONROBOT III, start page 0665
STORAGE Access Media Words Microsec Magnetic Drum 100 numbers 15,000 Magnetic Drum 100 instructions 15,000 INPUT Media Speed Keyboard Manual Paper Tape 10 dig/sec OUTPUT Media Speed Typewriter Flexowriter 10 dig/sec Paper Tape Flexowriter; CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Tubes 800 Tube types 4 Crystal diodes 100 POWER. SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE. PREPARATION Power, computer 2.5 Kw Space, computer Desk size Weight, computer 1,000 lbs PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced 1 No longer in production. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS One technician or mathematician is required to operate system. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Good time 28 Hours Attempted to run time 35 Hours Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.80 Figures based on period 1 Feb 55 to 1 Sep 56 Passed Customer Acceptance Test 1 Feb 55 Approximately 1 hour/day is required for maintenance, therefore "attempted to run time" is considered to be 40-5, or 35 hours. INSTALLATIONS Air Force Cambridge Research Center Computing Laboratory Cambridge 39, Massachusetts
BRL 1961, MONROBOT V, start page 0666

MONROBOT V

Monroe Computer Model V MANUFACTURER Monroe Calculating Machine Company Electronics Division
Photo by Monroe Calculating Machine Company, Electronics Division APPLICATIONS Computing problems normally encountered by Topographic Troops in surveying operations. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary coded decimal Decimal digits/word 20 Decimal digits/instruction 10 Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type Four address ARITHMETIC UNIT Includ Stor Access Microsec Add time 120 approx Mult time 540 approx Div time 540 approx. Construction Vacuum tubes Basic pulse repetition rate 10 Kc/sec Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential STORAGE Access Media Words Microsec Magnetic Drum 300 18,000 Paper Tape Access time on drum is for 100 twenty digit numbers. Drum is 6 inches in diameter, 20 inches long and rotates at a speed of 3,550 rev/min. INPUT Media Speed Keyboard Manual Paper Tape (Reader) 57O char/min OUTPUT Medium Speed Typewriter (Flexowriter) Reader 570 char/min Printer 400 char/min
BRL 1961, MONROBOT V, start page 0667
Photo by U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Laboratories CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Tubes 800 (approx) Crystal diodes 1 Tube types 5814A, 5726, 5751, 58", 6005, and 5725 CHECKING FEATURES Storage selection indicators. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE. PREPARATION Power, computer 5 Kw Area, computer 44 1/2 in x 72 in x 31 in Desk Weight, computer 1,686 lbs, including Flexowriter PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced 1 No longer in production. COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Manufacturer System is no longer being manufactured. Engineer Research and Development Laboratories Approximate cost of basic system $86,074. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Engineer Research and Development Laboratories One person required for operation and one person required for servicing unless one person is trained to perform both operation and servicing. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.85 Passed Customer Acceptance Test March 1955 Computer has operated for several days without any down time; however, the only actual figure is the 2,069 hours taken from the running time meter. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Pre-addressed tapes Single cycle operation where program is checked line for line. Pre-determined automatic sequencing. Shock-mounted for van installation; mobile. INSTALLATIONS U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Topographic Engineering Department Engineer Research and Development Laboratories Fort Belvoir, Virginia
BRL 1961, MONROBOT VI, start page 0668

MONROBOT VI

Monroe General Purpose Computer Model VI MANUFACTURER Monroe Calculating Machine Company Electronics Division
Photo by Monroe Calculating Machine Company, Electronics Division APPLICATIONS Scientific calculation. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary coded decimal Decimal digits/Word 20 Decimal digits/instruction 10 Instructions per word 2 Instructions used 200 Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type Four address Number range +- xxxxx xxxxxx . xxxxxx xxxxx Fixed point is centrally located ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl Stor Access Microsec Add time 135,000 Mult time 600,000 Div time 600,000 Construction Vacuum tubes and crystal diodes Basic pulse repetition rate 10 Kc/sec Arithmetic mode Serial Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential Automatic positioning of numerical results about the decimal point. STORAGE Access Medium Words Microsec Magnetic Drum 200 16,670 max 4,000 digits of magnetic drum storage. INPUT Media Speed Keyboard Manual Punched Tape 10 char/sec Punched Card 17 cards/sec Punched tape is optional to 60 char/sec. Standard teletype or Kleinscbmidt units for tape processing.
BRL 1961, MONROBOT VI, start page 0669
Photo by Monroe Calculating Machine Company, Electronics Division OUTPUT Media Speed Printed Copy 10 char/sec Punched Tape 10 char/sec Punched Card 17 char/sec Standard teletype or Kleinschmidt units. 60 char sec. Punched tape and punched card is optional. CHECKING FEATURES Parity checks MAID (Monrobot Automatic Internal Diagnosis) and dual arithmetic and control units. INSTALLATIONS Several systems are at U. S. Air Force installations in Japan and Germany. These are under Monroe maintenance. The systems installed in the United States are not under Monroe maintenance. Howard University
BRL 1961, MONROBOT IX, start page 0670

MONROBOT IX

Monroe Calculating Machine IX MANUFACTURER Monroe Calculating Machine Company APPLICATIONS System is used primarily for billing, and invoice writing. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits/word 62 bits A plugboard program is used. Instructions decoded 16 Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type One address Number range 0 to 1018 System has 15 registers. ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl. Stor. Access Exclud. Stor. Access Microsec Microsec Add 12,000 3,000 Mult 13,500 per decimal digit of multiplier Div 54,000 per decimal digit of quotient Construction (Arithmetic unit only) Vacuum-Tubes 64 Diodes 1,000 Arithmetic mode Serial Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential Multiplication is accomplished by manual input of the multiplier digits. Therefore, actual speed is operator limited. During division the quotient digits are printed, and the actual speed is therefore printer limited. STORAGE No. of No. of Access Medium Words Digits Microsec Magnetic Drum 15 18 decimal dig 12,500 avg INPUT Media Speed Electric Typewriter 10 char/sec Flugboard 10 char/sec Plugboard is used for constants and alphabetic characters. Typewriter input is operator limited. OUTPUT Media Speed Electric Typewriter 10 char/sec Numerical and alphabetic IBM 024 Card Punch 10 char/sec Numerical CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Type Quantity Tubes Primarily 5965 74 Diodes Primarily 1N636 1,000 POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION KVA, computer 0.75 Volume, computer 32 cu ft Area, computer 10.6 sq ft Floor loading 40 lbs/sq ft 150 lbs concen max Weight, computer 450 lbs Site preparation not necessary. PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced to date 70 Number in current operation 70 Time required for delivery 3 - 6 months COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Computer with Typewriter $9,650 List of additional equipment IBM (024) Intercoupler $ 500 (IBM 024 - see IBM price list) 90-day guarantee parts and labor. Service con- tract price is $500. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS One clerk is required for each 8-hour shift. Ordinary typists are trained at customer location in one day.
BRL 1961, MONROBOT IX, start page 0671
RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Ambient temperature to 130oF Voltage margins, +25% Pre-aged tubes used throughout. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Computer has fewer tubes (74) than any other product known to us. Calculation is so fast operator experiences no delay. System handles fractions of any kind, feet, inches, gross, dozen, board feet, etc. Foreign currency such as pounds, shillings, pence, are handled. Step-rate utility billing is automatically performed. System operates as a decimal machine externally. Input and output conversion are automatic. Decimal shift left and shift right instructions make this possible. FUTURE PLANS Punched tape output planned soon.

BRL 1961, MONROBOT XI, start page 0672

MONROBOT XI

Monroe Calculating Machine Mark XI MANUFACTURER Litton Industries Monroe Calculating Machine Division
Photo by Monroe Calculating Machine Division APPLICATIONS The Monrobot Mark XI is a stored-program, general purpose electronic business computer capable of operation with a wide variety of input-output equip- ment. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits/word 32 including sign Binary digits/instruction 16 Instructions/word 2 Instructions decoded 27 Instructions used 27 Arithmetic system Fixed point; programmed floating point Instruction type One address Number range 0 to 231 - 1 or 0 to +- 109 or 0 to +- 2, 147, 483, 647 Instruction word format +---------------+-----------------+ | 16 11 | 10 1 | +---------------+-----------------+ | Instruction | Address | +---------------+-----------------+ ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl. Stor. Access Exclud. Stor. Access Microsec Microsec Add 9,000 3,000 Mult 34,000 28,000 Div 500,000 500,000 Division is programmed. Construction (Arithmetic unit only) Transistors 190 Diodes 1,675 Arithmetic mode Serial Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential
BRL 1961, MONROBOT XI, start page 0672
STORAGE No. of No. of Average Access Medium Words Digits Microsec Magnetic Drum 1,024 32,768 6,000 INPUT Media Speed Punched Paper Tape 20 char/sec Electric typewriter 10 char/sec 16-key numeric keyboard 10 char/sec 80-column card 16 col/sec Teletypewriter 10 char/sec The machine can accomodate any three of the above input devices simultaneously. Punched paper tape may be any code, 5 to 8 level. Quoted input and output speeds include conversion to and from binary as well as translation of any tape language to machine code. Higher speeds are possible using pure binary input and output. OUTPUT Media Speed Punched Paper Tape 20 char/sec Electric Typewriter 10 char/sec 80-column Card 16 col/sec Teletypewriter 10 char/sec The machine can accomodate any three of the above output devices simultaneously. Punched paper tape may be any code, 5 to 8 level. CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Type Quantity Tubes 5727 10 - 30 (10 tubes/output device) Diodes Primarily 1N636 2,300 Transistors Primarily 2N412 383 CHECKING FEATURES Parity check on input and output. Parity may be omitted. Action taken on parity failure depends upon program. With Teletype or other parity-less codes, parity is not used. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Power, computer 0.850 Kw 0.940 KVA 0.9 pf Volume, computer 48 cu ft Area, computer 15 sq ft Room size 10 ft x 10 ft Floor loading 30 lbs/sq ft 100 lbs concen max Weight, computer 375 lbs System requires 15 amp, 110 volt, AC, 60 cps line. PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced to date 7 Number in current operation 6 Time required for delivery 6 - 9 months COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Cost of computer with operator desk, 1 typewriter, 1 tape reader, and 1 tape punch $24,500 Additional Equipment 16-key numeric keyboard 300 Tape Reader 1,250 Tape Punch 700 Typewriter 2,350 Buffer for third device 600 Above prices are approximate. Monthly rental of computer with operator desk, 1 typewriter, 1 tape reader, and 1 tape punch, including service $700 Maintenance contracting is $1,200/year after 90-day service guarantee. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Manufacturer makes a programmers' school available to users. One operator is required for each 8-hour shift. Virtually no operator training is required. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Conservative solid-state design assures long life and wide margins under all but the most extreme operating conditions. Pluggable printed circuit boards provide trouble-free operation as well as ease of maintenance. Monrobot XI operates with full +-25% voltage margins at 110oF ambient. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS The Monrobot Mark XI accepts alpha-numeric information in any code from up to three independent input devices and can output information to any combination of three independent devices. System can simultaneously prepare independent output documents in any format, and can merge transaction and unit record input tapes in any format.
BRL 1961, MONROBOT MU, start page 0674

MONROBOT MU

Monroe Multiple-Unit General Purpose Computer MANUFACTURER Monroe Calculating Machine Cams. Electronics Division
Photo by Monroe Calculating Machine Company, Electronics Division APPLICATIONS Item inventory and monetary accounting. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary coded decimal and sexadecima1 Binary digits/word 96 Decimal digits/instruction 12 Instructions per word 2 Instructions decoded 36 Instructions used 36 Arithmetic system Fixed point (arbitrarily located) Instruction type Three address (modified) Number range Variable Words may be made up of either numeric or alphanumeric characters. ARITHMETIC UNIT Includ Stor Access Microsec Add time 8,000 Mult time 68,000 Div time 77,000 Construction Vacuum tubes and crystal diodes Basic pulse repetition rate 60 Kc/sec (rapid access) 104 Kc/sec (general storage) Arithmetic mode Serial Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential
BRL 1961, MONROBOT MU, start page 0675
STORAGE Access Media Words Microsec Magnetic Drums 20,000/drum 25,000 (avg) (general storage) Magnetic Drum 10 (rapid access) 1,600 Magnetic Tape (2) 12,000/unit The large capacity drums are for general storage. and utilize saturable core reactors for track selection. The number of drums utilized is based upon application requirements. INPUT Media Speed Keyboard (Flexowriter) 10 char/sec Keyboard Model 28 6 char/sec Teletype 12 Units) Paper Tape (Ferranti) 200 char/sec Magnetic Tape 400 char/sec OUTPUT Media Speed Paper Tape (Flexowriter) 10 char/sec Printed Page (Flexowriter) 10 char/sec and Model 28 Teletype) Magnetic Tape 400 char/sec CHECKING FEATURES Parity checks MAID (Monroe Automatic Internal Diagnosis) System used for malfunction detection and location. INSTALLATIONS System was installed for the U. S. Air Force under Contract No. AF33(616)-2158.


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